{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,9]],"date-time":"2026-01-09T18:44:35Z","timestamp":1767984275445,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":60,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,9,26]],"date-time":"2018-09-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1537920000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness doctoral Grant","award":["BES-C-2014-0087"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["BES-C-2014-0087"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Remote Sensing"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Estimates of Sun\u2013Induced vegetation chlorophyll Fluorescence (SIF) using remote sensing techniques are commonly determined by exploiting solar and\/or telluric absorption features. When SIF is retrieved in the strong oxygen (O     2    ) absorption features, atmospheric effects must always be compensated. Whereas correction of atmospheric effects is a standard airborne or satellite data processing step, there is no consensus regarding whether it is required for SIF proximal\u2013sensing measurements nor what is the best strategy to be followed. Thus, by using simulated data, this work provides a comprehensive analysis about how atmospheric effects impact SIF estimations on proximal sensing, regarding: (1) the sensor height above the vegetated canopy; (2) the SIF retrieval technique used, e.g., Fraunhofer Line Discriminator (FLD) family or Spectral Fitting Methods (SFM); and (3) the instrument\u2019s spectral resolution. We demonstrate that for proximal\u2013sensing scenarios compensating for atmospheric effects by simply introducing the O     2     transmittance function into the FLD or SFM formulations improves SIF estimations. However, these simplistic corrections still lead to inaccurate SIF estimations due to the multiplication of spectrally convolved atmospheric transfer functions with absorption features. Consequently, a more rigorous oxygen compensation strategy is proposed and assessed by following a classic airborne atmospheric correction scheme adapted to proximal sensing. This approach allows compensating for the O     2     absorption effects and, at the same time, convolving the high spectral resolution data according to the corresponding Instrumental Spectral Response Function (ISRF) through the use of an atmospheric radiative transfer model. Finally, due to the key role of O     2     absorption on the evaluated proximal\u2013sensing SIF retrieval strategies, its dependency on surface pressure (p) and air temperature (T) was also assessed. As an example, we combined simulated spectral data with p and T measurements obtained for a one\u2013year period in the Hyyti\u00e4l\u00e4 Forestry Field Station in Finland. Of importance hereby is that seasonal dynamics in terms of T and p, if not appropriately considered as part of the retrieval strategy, can result in erroneous SIF seasonal trends that mimic those of known dynamics for temperature\u2013dependent physiological responses of vegetation.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/rs10101551","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,9,28]],"date-time":"2018-09-28T02:54:54Z","timestamp":1538103294000},"page":"1551","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":53,"title":["Compensation of Oxygen Transmittance Effects for Proximal Sensing Retrieval of Canopy\u2013Leaving Sun\u2013Induced Chlorophyll Fluorescence"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"10","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0296-4378","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Neus","family":"Sabater","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Image Processing Laboratory (IPL), Parc Cient\u00edfic, Universitat de Val\u00e8ncia, 46980 Paterna, Val\u00e8ncia, Spain"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4018-9421","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jorge","family":"Vicent","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Image Processing Laboratory (IPL), Parc Cient\u00edfic, Universitat de Val\u00e8ncia, 46980 Paterna, Val\u00e8ncia, Spain"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8221-5739","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Luis","family":"Alonso","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Image Processing Laboratory (IPL), Parc Cient\u00edfic, Universitat de Val\u00e8ncia, 46980 Paterna, Val\u00e8ncia, Spain"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6313-2081","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jochem","family":"Verrelst","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Image Processing Laboratory (IPL), Parc Cient\u00edfic, Universitat de Val\u00e8ncia, 46980 Paterna, Val\u00e8ncia, Spain"}]},{"given":"Elizabeth M.","family":"Middleton","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"NASA, Goddard Space Flight Centre (GSFC), Greenbelt, MD 20771, USA"}]},{"given":"Albert","family":"Porcar-Castell","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Optics of Photosynthesis Laboratory, Institute for Atmospheric and Earth System Research (INAR\/Forest Sciences), Department of Forest Sciences, University of Helsinki, P.O. Box 27, 00014 Helsinki, Finland"}]},{"given":"Jos\u00e9","family":"Moreno","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Image Processing Laboratory (IPL), Parc Cient\u00edfic, Universitat de Val\u00e8ncia, 46980 Paterna, Val\u00e8ncia, Spain"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,9,26]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Porcar-Castell, A., Tyystjarvi, E., Atherton, J., van der Tol, C., Flexas, J., Pfundel, E.E., Moreno, J., Frankenberg, C., and Berry, J.A. (2014). Linking chlorophyll a fluorescence to photosynthesis for remote sensing applications: Mechanisms and challenges. J. Exp. Bot., 1\u201331.","DOI":"10.1093\/jxb\/eru191"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Zhang, Q., Fan, Y., Zhang, Y., Chou, S., Ju, W., and Chen, J.M. (2016, January 19). 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