{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,15]],"date-time":"2026-04-15T14:00:10Z","timestamp":1776261610543,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":30,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,11,11]],"date-time":"2018-11-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1541894400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003593","name":"Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cient\u00edfico e Tecnol\u00f3gico","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["201782\/2014-6"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["201782\/2014-6"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003593","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100002661","name":"Fonds De La Recherche Scientifique - FNRS","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["1765914"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["1765914"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100002661","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Remote Sensing"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Low Sea Surface Temperature (SST) is a climate barrier because it may inhibit and reduce seedling growth of mangrove propagules upon dispersal through seawater. Our objective is to analyze the spatio-temporal series of daily SST data from the Multi-scale Ultra-high Resolution (MUR)-SST in order to identify the occurrence of chilling events for mangrove plants at the Eastern South America mangrove limit and beyond. We focus our study on three key sites: (i) the Rhizophora mangle L. distribution limit (Praia do Sonho: 27\u00b053\u2032S), (ii) the Eastern South America mangrove limit (Laguna: 28\u00b030\u2032S) and (iii) one beyond mangrove areas, in Ararangu\u00e1 (28\u00b055\u2032S). Our results show that, in Ararangu\u00e1, chilling events are more intense and occur more frequently than in the other two sites that have a mangrove cover. We conclude that, the chilling events of SST may play a role in restricting mangroves within their actual limits. In this sense, higher occurrences of chilling events of SST could be an explanation for the absence of R. mangle in Laguna. However, Laguncularia racemosa (L.) C.F. Gaertn. was reported to be tolerant to low temperatures, and yet it is absent from the southernmost study site. This may be an indication of the role of other factors than SST in determining a mangrove range expansion, such as dispersal constraints.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/rs10111787","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,11,14]],"date-time":"2018-11-14T02:42:41Z","timestamp":1542163361000},"page":"1787","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":26,"title":["Does Sea Surface Temperature Contribute to Determining Range Limits and Expansion of Mangroves in Eastern South America (Brazil)?"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"10","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9111-5481","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Arimat\u00e9a C.","family":"Ximenes","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Systems Ecology and Resource Management, Universit\u00e9 Libre de Bruxelles\u2014ULB, Av. F.D. Roosevelt 50, CPi 264\/1, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium"},{"name":"Laboratory of Plant Biology and Nature Management, Ecology &amp; Biodiversity, Vrije Universiteit Brussel VUB, Pleinlaan 2, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2218-271X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Leandro","family":"Ponsoni","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Georges Lema\u00eetre Centre for Earth and Climate Research (TECLIM), Earth and Life Institute, Universit\u00e9 Catholique de Louvain, B-1348 Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8971-4226","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Catarina F.","family":"Lira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Diretoria de Pesquisa, Instituto de Pesquisas Jardim Bot\u00e2nico do Rio de Janeiro\u2014JBRJ, Rio de Janeiro 22460-030, Brazil"}]},{"given":"Nico","family":"Koedam","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Plant Biology and Nature Management, Ecology &amp; Biodiversity, Vrije Universiteit Brussel VUB, Pleinlaan 2, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium"}]},{"given":"Farid","family":"Dahdouh-Guebas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Systems Ecology and Resource Management, Universit\u00e9 Libre de Bruxelles\u2014ULB, Av. F.D. Roosevelt 50, CPi 264\/1, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium"},{"name":"Laboratory of Plant Biology and Nature Management, Ecology &amp; Biodiversity, Vrije Universiteit Brussel VUB, Pleinlaan 2, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,11,11]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1919","DOI":"10.1007\/s00468-012-0760-1","article-title":"Temperature variation among mangrove latitudinal range limits worldwide","volume":"26","author":"Quisthoudt","year":"2012","journal-title":"Trees"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"341","DOI":"10.1002\/ecm.1248","article-title":"Climatic controls on the global distribution, abundance, and species richness of mangrove forests","volume":"87","author":"Osland","year":"2017","journal-title":"Ecol. 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