{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,12]],"date-time":"2025-10-12T04:07:29Z","timestamp":1760242049667,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":89,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,11,24]],"date-time":"2018-11-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1543017600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"the National Key Research and Development Program of China","award":["2016YFA0601601"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2016YFA0601601"]}]},{"name":"the Applied Basic Research Programs of Yunnan Province","award":["2017FD007"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2017FD007"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Remote Sensing"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Satellite-based precipitation products (SPPs) provide alternative precipitation estimates that are especially useful for sparsely gauged and ungauged basins. However, high climate variability and extreme topography pose a challenge. In such regions, rigorous validation is necessary when using SPPs for hydrological applications. We evaluated the accuracy of three recent SPPs over the upper catchment of the Red River Basin, which is a mountain gorge region of southwest China that experiences a subtropical monsoon climate. The SPPs included the Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission (TRMM) 3B42 V7 product, the Climate Prediction Center (CPC) Morphing Algorithm (CMORPH), the Bias-corrected product (CMORPH_CRT), and the Precipitation Estimation from Remotely Sensed Information using Artificial Neural Networks (PERSIANN) Climate Data Record (PERSIANN_CDR) products. SPPs were compared with gauge rainfall from 1998 to 2010 at multiple temporal (daily, monthly) and spatial scales (grid, basin). The TRMM 3B42 product showed the best consistency with gauge observations, followed by CMORPH_CRT, and then PERSIANN_CDR. All three SPPs performed poorly when detecting the frequency of non-rain and light rain events (&lt;1 mm); furthermore, they tended to overestimate moderate rainfall (1\u201325 mm) and underestimate heavy and hard rainfall (&gt;25 mm). GR (G\u00e9nie Rural) hydrological models were used to evaluate the utility of the three SPPs for daily and monthly streamflow simulation. Under Scenario I (gauge-calibrated parameters), CMORPH_CRT presented the best consistency with observed daily (Nash\u2013Sutcliffe efficiency coefficient, or NSE = 0.73) and monthly (NSE = 0.82) streamflow. Under Scenario II (individual-calibrated parameters), SPP-driven simulations yielded satisfactory performances (NSE &gt;0.63 for daily, NSE &gt;0.79 for monthly); among them, TRMM 3B42 and CMORPH_CRT performed better than PERSIANN_CDR. SPP-forced simulations underestimated high flow (18.1\u201328.0%) and overestimated low flow (18.9\u201349.4%). TRMM 3B42 and CMORPH_CRT show potential for use in hydrological applications over poorly gauged and inaccessible transboundary river basins of Southwest China, particularly for monthly time intervals suitable for water resource management.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/rs10121881","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,11,26]],"date-time":"2018-11-26T03:24:27Z","timestamp":1543202667000},"page":"1881","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":25,"title":["Evaluation and Hydrologic Validation of Three Satellite-Based Precipitation Products in the Upper Catchment of the Red River Basin, China"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"10","author":[{"given":"Yueyuan","family":"Zhang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Yunnan Key Laboratory of International Rivers and Transboundary Eco-Security, Yunnan University, Kunming 650091, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3194-3621","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yungang","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Yunnan Key Laboratory of International Rivers and Transboundary Eco-Security, Yunnan University, Kunming 650091, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Xuan","family":"Ji","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Yunnan Key Laboratory of International Rivers and Transboundary Eco-Security, Yunnan University, Kunming 650091, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Xian","family":"Luo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Yunnan Key Laboratory of International Rivers and Transboundary Eco-Security, Yunnan University, Kunming 650091, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Xue","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Geography and Planning, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,11,24]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"853","DOI":"10.1007\/s11431-013-5176-7","article-title":"Accuracy and spatio-temporal variation of high resolution satellite rainfall estimate over the Ganjiang River Basin","volume":"56","author":"Hu","year":"2013","journal-title":"Sci. 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