{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,21]],"date-time":"2026-04-21T12:15:47Z","timestamp":1776773747552,"version":"3.51.2"},"reference-count":74,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,11,28]],"date-time":"2018-11-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1543363200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004731","name":"Zhejiang Provincial Natural Science Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["LZ15C160001"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["LZ15C160001"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004731","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Remote Sensing"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Increasing agroforestry areas with improper management has produced serious environmental problems, such as soil erosion. It is necessary to rapidly predict the spatial distribution of such erosion risks in a large area, but there is a lack of approaches that are suitable for mountainous regions. The objective of this research was to develop an approach that can effectively employ remotely-sensed and ancillary data, to map soil erosion risks in an agroforestry ecosystem in a mountainous region. This research employed field survey data, soil-type maps, digital elevation model data, weather station data, and Landsat imagery, for extraction of potential variables. It used the random forest approach to identify eight key variables\u2014slope, slope of slope, normalized difference greenness index at leaf-on season, soil organic matter, fractional vegetation at leaf-on season, fractional soil at leaf-off season, precipitation in June, and percent of soil clay\u2014for mapping soil erosion risk distribution in hickory plantations in Western Zhejiang Province, China. The results showed that an overall accuracy of 89.8% was obtained for three levels of soil erosion risk. Approximately one-fourth of hickory plantations were at high-risk, requiring the owners or decision makers to take proper measures to reduce the soil erosion problem. This research provides a new approach to predict soil erosion risk, based on the primary variables that can be extracted directly from remotely-sensed data and ancillary data. This proposed approach will be valuable for other agroforestry and plantations, such as Torreya grandis, eucalyptus, and the rubber tree, that are playing important roles in improving economic conditions for the local farmers but face soil erosion problems.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/rs10121899","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,11,28]],"date-time":"2018-11-28T11:43:44Z","timestamp":1543405424000},"page":"1899","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":32,"title":["A Random Forest-Based Approach to Map Soil Erosion Risk Distribution in Hickory Plantations in Western Zhejiang Province, China"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"10","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7469-6790","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Zhenlong","family":"Cheng","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang A&amp;F University, Hangzhou 311300, China"},{"name":"School of Environmental &amp; Resource Sciences, Zhejiang A&amp;F University, Hangzhou 311300, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Dengsheng","family":"Lu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang A&amp;F University, Hangzhou 311300, China"},{"name":"School of Environmental &amp; Resource Sciences, Zhejiang A&amp;F University, Hangzhou 311300, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Guiying","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory for Subtropical Resources and Environment, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou 350007, China"},{"name":"School of Geographical Sciences, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou 350007, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jianqin","family":"Huang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang A&amp;F University, Hangzhou 311300, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Nibedita","family":"Sinha","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang A&amp;F University, Hangzhou 311300, China"},{"name":"School of Environmental &amp; Resource Sciences, Zhejiang A&amp;F University, Hangzhou 311300, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Junjun","family":"Zhi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Geography and Tourism, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu 241002, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Shaojin","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Lin\u2019An Meteorological Bureau, Hangzhou 311300, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,11,28]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"21","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envres.2018.06.046","article-title":"Contribution of climate and land cover changes to reduction in soil erosion rates within small cultivated catchments in the eastern part of the Russian plain during the last 60 years","volume":"167","author":"Gusarov","year":"2018","journal-title":"Environ. 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