{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,12]],"date-time":"2025-10-12T04:06:40Z","timestamp":1760242000377,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":41,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,12,3]],"date-time":"2018-12-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1543795200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Remote Sensing"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Currently, observations from low-Earth orbit (LEO) ocean color sensors represent one of the most used tools to study surface optical and biogeochemical properties of the ocean. LEO observations are available at daily temporal resolution, and are often combined into weekly, monthly, seasonal, and annual averages in order to obtain sufficient spatial coverage. Indeed, daily satellite maps of the main oceanic variables (e.g., surface phytoplankton chlorophyll-a) generally have many data gaps, mainly due to clouds, which can be filled using either Optimal Interpolation or the Empirical Orthogonal Functions approach. Such interpolations, however, may introduce large uncertainties in the final product. Here, our goal is to quantify the potential benefits of having high-temporal resolution observations from a geostationary (GEO) ocean color sensor to reduce interpolation errors in the reconstructed hourly and daily chlorophyll-a products. To this aim, we used modeled chlorophyll-a fields from the Copernicus Marine Environment Monitoring Service\u2019s (CMEMS) Baltic Monitoring and Forecasting Centre (BAL MFC) and satellite cloud observations from the Spinning Enhanced Visible and Infrared Imager (SEVIRI) sensor (on board the geostationary satellite METEOSAT). The sampling of a GEO was thus simulated by combining the hourly chlorophyll fields and clouds masks, then hourly and daily chlorophyll-a products were generated after interpolation from neighboring valid data using the Multi-Channel Singular Spectral Analysis (M-SSA). Two cases are discussed: (i) A reconstruction based on the typical sampling of a LEO and, (ii) a simulation of a GEO sampling with hourly observations. The results show that the root mean square and interpolation bias errors are significantly reduced using hourly observations.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/rs10121944","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,12,4]],"date-time":"2018-12-04T03:01:37Z","timestamp":1543892497000},"page":"1944","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Assessing the Potential Benefits of the Geostationary Vantage Point for Generating Daily Chlorophyll-a Maps in the Baltic Sea"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"10","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0477-173X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Marco","family":"Bellacicco","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Sorbonne Universit\u00e9, CNRS, Laboratoire d\u2019Oc\u00e9anographie de Villefranche, LOV, F-06230 Villefranche-sur-Mer, France"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8767-4379","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Daniele","family":"Ciani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Marine Sciences (ISMAR)-CNR, 00133 Rome, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"David","family":"Doxaran","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Sorbonne Universit\u00e9, CNRS, Laboratoire d\u2019Oc\u00e9anographie de Villefranche, LOV, F-06230 Villefranche-sur-Mer, France"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5392-7457","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Vincenzo","family":"Vellucci","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Sorbonne Universit\u00e9, CNRS, Laboratoire d\u2019Oc\u00e9anographie de Villefranche, LOV, F-06230 Villefranche-sur-Mer, France"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"David","family":"Antoine","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Sorbonne Universit\u00e9, CNRS, Laboratoire d\u2019Oc\u00e9anographie de Villefranche, LOV, F-06230 Villefranche-sur-Mer, France"},{"name":"Remote Sensing and Satellite Research Group, School of Earth and Planetary Sciences, Curtin University, Perth, WA 6845, Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7019-3125","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Menghua","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"NOAA\/NESDIS Center for Satellite Applications and Research, College Park, MD 20740, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Fabrizio","family":"D\u2019Ortenzio","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Sorbonne Universit\u00e9, CNRS, Laboratoire d\u2019Oc\u00e9anographie de Villefranche, LOV, F-06230 Villefranche-sur-Mer, France"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4203-0956","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Salvatore","family":"Marullo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Italian National Agency for New Technologies, Energy and Sustainable Economic Development (ENEA), 00044 Frascati, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,12,3]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1253","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1177012","article-title":"Climate-driven basin-scale decadal oscillations of oceanic phytoplankton","volume":"326","author":"Martinez","year":"2009","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"323","DOI":"10.1038\/nclimate2838","article-title":"Revaluating ocean warming impacts on global phytoplankton","volume":"6","author":"Behrenfeld","year":"2016","journal-title":"Nat. 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