{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,11]],"date-time":"2026-10-11T21:26:40Z","timestamp":1791754000909,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":52,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,12,6]],"date-time":"2018-12-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1544054400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Remote Sensing"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Parametric cyclonic wind fields are widely used worldwide for insurance risk underwriting, coastal planning, and storm surge forecasts. They support high-stakes financial, development and emergency decisions. Yet, there is still no consensus on a potentially \u201cbest\u201d parametric approach, nor guidance to choose among the great variety of published models. The aim of this paper is to demonstrate that recent progress in estimating extreme surface wind speeds from satellite remote sensing now makes it possible to assess the performance of existing parametric models, and select a relevant one with greater objectivity. In particular, we show that the Cyclone Global Navigation Satellite System (CYGNSS) mission of NASA, along with the Advanced Scatterometer (ASCAT), are able to capture a substantial part of the tropical cyclone structure, and to aid in characterizing the strengths and weaknesses of a number of parametric models. Our results suggest that none of the traditional empirical approaches are the best option in all cases. Rather, the choice of a parametric model depends on several criteria, such as cyclone intensity and the availability of wind radii information. The benefit of using satellite remote sensing data to select a relevant parametric model for a specific case study is tested here by simulating hurricane Maria (2017). The significant wave heights computed by a wave-current hydrodynamic coupled model are found to be in good agreement with the predictions given by the remote sensing data. The results and approach presented in this study should shed new light on how to handle parametric cyclonic wind models, and help the scientific community conduct better wind, wave, and surge analyses for tropical cyclones.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/rs10121963","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,12,7]],"date-time":"2018-12-07T03:46:14Z","timestamp":1544154374000},"page":"1963","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":26,"title":["Can We Improve Parametric Cyclonic Wind Fields Using Recent Satellite Remote Sensing Data?"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"10","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6471-5801","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yann","family":"Krien","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"LARGE, University of the French West Indies, 97157 Pointe \u00e0 Pitre, Guadeloupe, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0289-4103","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ga\u00ebl","family":"Arnaud","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"LARGE, University of the French West Indies, 97157 Pointe \u00e0 Pitre, Guadeloupe, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8051-5124","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rapha\u00ebl","family":"C\u00e9c\u00e9","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"LARGE, University of the French West Indies, 97157 Pointe \u00e0 Pitre, Guadeloupe, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5937-4483","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Chris","family":"Ruf","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Climate and Space Department, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4081-8638","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ali","family":"Belmadani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"M\u00e9t\u00e9o France, DIRAG, 97288 Le Lamentin, Martinique, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3494-4179","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jamal","family":"Khan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"LEGOS UMR5566\/CNRS\/CNES\/IRD\/UPS, 31400 Toulouse, France"},{"name":"IWFM, BUET, Dhaka 1000, Bangladesh"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7531-3528","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Didier","family":"Bernard","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"LARGE, University of the French West Indies, 97157 Pointe \u00e0 Pitre, Guadeloupe, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"A.K.M.S.","family":"Islam","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"IWFM, BUET, Dhaka 1000, Bangladesh"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fabien","family":"Durand","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"LEGOS UMR5566\/CNRS\/CNES\/IRD\/UPS, 31400 Toulouse, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3969-2919","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Laurent","family":"Testut","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"LIENSs UMR 7266 CNRS, University of La Rochelle, 17000 La Rochelle, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Philippe","family":"Palany","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"M\u00e9t\u00e9o France, DIRAG, 97288 Le Lamentin, Martinique, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Narcisse","family":"Zahibo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"LARGE, University of the French West Indies, 97157 Pointe \u00e0 Pitre, Guadeloupe, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,12,6]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"392","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jweia.2009.05.005","article-title":"Hurricane hazard modeling: The past, present, and future","volume":"97","author":"Vickery","year":"2009","journal-title":"J. Wind Eng. Ind. Aerodyn."},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1342","DOI":"10.1175\/2010WAF2222349.1","article-title":"Modeling extreme rainfall, winds, and surge from Hurricane Isabel (2003)","volume":"25","author":"Lin","year":"2010","journal-title":"Weather Forecast."},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1249","DOI":"10.1175\/WAF-D-11-00131.1","article-title":"Application of WRF 3DVAR to operational typhoon prediction in Taiwan: Impact of outer loop and partial cycling approaches","volume":"27","author":"Hsiao","year":"2012","journal-title":"Weather Forecast."},{"key":"ref_4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Powers, J., Klemp, J., Skamarock, W., Davis, C., Dudhia, J., Gill, D., Coen, J., Gochis, D., Ahmadov, R., and Peckham, S. (2017). The weather research and forecasting (WRF) model: Overview, system efforts, and future directions. Bull. Am. Meteorol. Soc.","DOI":"10.1175\/BAMS-D-15-00308.1"},{"key":"ref_5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"135","DOI":"10.1016\/j.oceaneng.2017.01.005","article-title":"Performance of WRF-ARW winds on computed storm surge using hydrodynamic model for Phailin and Hudhud cyclones","volume":"131","author":"Lakshmi","year":"2017","journal-title":"Ocean Eng."},{"key":"ref_6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"95","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ocemod.2008.06.008","article-title":"A real-time, event-triggered storm surge forecasting system for the state of North Carolina","volume":"25","author":"Mattocks","year":"2008","journal-title":"Ocean Model."},{"key":"ref_7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"106","DOI":"10.1038\/nclimate2777","article-title":"Grey swan tropical cyclones","volume":"6","author":"Lin","year":"2016","journal-title":"Nat. Clim. Chang."},{"key":"ref_8","first-page":"8904","article-title":"A validated tropical-extratropical flood hazard assessment for New York harbor","volume":"121","author":"Orton","year":"2016","journal-title":"J. Geophys. Res. Oceans"},{"key":"ref_9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"58","DOI":"10.1016\/j.csr.2017.01.014","article-title":"Towards improved storm surge models in the northern Bay of Bengal","volume":"135","author":"Krien","year":"2017","journal-title":"Cont. Shelf Res."},{"key":"ref_10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"20","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apor.2017.11.012","article-title":"Blended wind fields for wave modeling of tropical cyclones in the South China Sea and East China Sea","volume":"71","author":"Shao","year":"2018","journal-title":"Appl. Ocean Res."},{"key":"ref_11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Feng, X., Li, M., Yin, B., Yang, D., and Yang, H. (2018). Study of storm surge trends in typhoon-prone coastal areas based on observations and surge-wave coupled simulations. Int. J. Appl. Earth Obs. Geoinf.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jag.2018.01.006"},{"key":"ref_12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Tan, C., and Fang, W. (2018). Mapping the Wind Hazard of Global Tropical Cyclones with Parametric Wind Field Models by Considering the Effect of Local Factors. Int. J. Disaster Risk Sci.","DOI":"10.1007\/s13753-018-0161-1"},{"key":"ref_13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"82","DOI":"10.1016\/j.oceaneng.2009.08.019","article-title":"Analysis of the coastal Mississippi storm surge hazard","volume":"37","author":"Niedoroda","year":"2010","journal-title":"Ocean Eng."},{"key":"ref_14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"139","DOI":"10.1007\/s00382-012-1653-0","article-title":"Estimating present day extreme water level exceedance probabilities around the coastline of Australia: Tropical cyclone-induced storm surges","volume":"42","author":"Haigh","year":"2014","journal-title":"Clim. Dyn."},{"key":"ref_15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1711","DOI":"10.5194\/nhess-15-1711-2015","article-title":"Probabilistic hurricane-induced storm surge hazard assessment in Guadeloupe, Lesser Antilles","volume":"15","author":"Krien","year":"2015","journal-title":"Nat. Hazards Earth Syst. Sci."},{"key":"ref_16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1559","DOI":"10.5194\/nhess-17-1559-2017","article-title":"Assessing storm surge hazard and impact of sea level rise in Lesser Antilles-Case study of Martinique","volume":"17","author":"Krien","year":"2017","journal-title":"Nat. Hazards Earth Syst. Sci."},{"key":"ref_17","first-page":"D09120","article-title":"On hurricane parametric wind and applications in storm surge modeling","volume":"117","author":"Lin","year":"2012","journal-title":"J. Geophys. Res."},{"key":"ref_18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"458","DOI":"10.1002\/2016JC012237","article-title":"Tropical cyclone wind field asymmetry\u2014Development and evaluation of a new parametric model","volume":"122","author":"Olfateh","year":"2017","journal-title":"J. Geophys. Res. Oceans"},{"key":"ref_19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"463","DOI":"10.1175\/JAMC-D-14-0112.1","article-title":"Improved Tropical-Cyclone Flight-Level Wind Estimates Using Routine Infrared Satellite Reconnaissance","volume":"54","author":"Knaff","year":"2015","journal-title":"J. Appl. Meteorol. Clim."},{"key":"ref_20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1625","DOI":"10.1175\/WAF-D-16-0056.1","article-title":"The Use of the Deviation Angle Variance Technique on Geostationary Satellite Imagery to Estimate Tropical Cyclone Size Parameters","volume":"31","author":"Dolling","year":"2016","journal-title":"Weather Forecast."},{"key":"ref_21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"990","DOI":"10.1175\/WAF955.1","article-title":"Objective estimation of tropical cyclone wind structure from infrared satellite data","volume":"21","author":"Mueller","year":"2006","journal-title":"Weather Forecast."},{"key":"ref_22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"404","DOI":"10.5589\/m02-035","article-title":"The advanced scatterometer (ASCAT) on the meteorological operational (MetOp) platform: A follow on for European wind scatterometers","volume":"28","author":"Wilson","year":"2002","journal-title":"Can. J. Remote Sens."},{"key":"ref_23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2846","DOI":"10.1109\/TGRS.2015.2506463","article-title":"Calibration and Validation of the RapidScat Scatterometer Using Tropical Rainforests","volume":"54","author":"Madsen","year":"2016","journal-title":"IEEE Trans. Geosci. Remote Sens."},{"key":"ref_24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3065","DOI":"10.1109\/TGRS.2009.2027012","article-title":"Wind vector retrievals under rain with passive satellite microwave radiometers","volume":"47","author":"Meissner","year":"2009","journal-title":"IEEE Trans. Geosci. Remote Sens."},{"key":"ref_25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"641","DOI":"10.1109\/LGRS.2010.2043814","article-title":"An improved C-band ocean surface emissivity model at hurricane-force wind speeds over a wide range of Earth incidence angles","volume":"7","author":"Uhlhorn","year":"2010","journal-title":"IEEE Geosci. Remote Sens. Lett."},{"key":"ref_26","first-page":"C02006","article-title":"SMOS satellite L-band radiometer: A new capability for ocean surface remote sensing in hurricanes","volume":"117","author":"Reul","year":"2012","journal-title":"J. Geophys. Res."},{"key":"ref_27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2367","DOI":"10.1175\/BAMS-D-15-00291.1","article-title":"A new generation of tropical cyclone size measurements from space","volume":"98","author":"Reul","year":"2017","journal-title":"Bull. Am. Meteorol. Soc."},{"key":"ref_28","first-page":"1","article-title":"New Possibilities for Geophysical Parameter Retrievals Opened by GCOM-W1 AMSR2","volume":"PP","author":"Zabolotskikh","year":"2015","journal-title":"IEEE J. Sel. Top. Appl. Earth Obs. Remote Sens."},{"key":"ref_29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7396","DOI":"10.1109\/TGRS.2016.2601486","article-title":"Combined Active\/Passive Retrievals of Ocean Vector Wind and Sea Surface Salinity with SMAP","volume":"54","author":"Fore","year":"2016","journal-title":"IEEE Trans. Geosci. Remote Sens."},{"key":"ref_30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5435","DOI":"10.1002\/2015GL064204","article-title":"Spaceborne GNSS reflectometry for ocean winds: First results from the UK TechDemoSat-1 mission","volume":"42","author":"Foti","year":"2015","journal-title":"Geophys. Res. Lett."},{"key":"ref_31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"385","DOI":"10.1175\/BAMS-D-14-00218.1","article-title":"New Ocean Winds Satellite Mission to Probe Hurricanes and Tropical Convection","volume":"97","author":"Ruf","year":"2016","journal-title":"Bull. Am. Meteorol. Soc."},{"key":"ref_32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Morris, M., and Ruf, C. (2017). Determining Tropical Cyclone Surface Wind Speed Structure and Intensity with the CYGNSS Satellite Constellation. J. Appl. Meteorol. Clim.","DOI":"10.1175\/JAMC-D-16-0375.1"},{"key":"ref_33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1212","DOI":"10.1175\/1520-0493(1980)108<1212:AAMOTW>2.0.CO;2","article-title":"An Analytic Model of the Wind and Pressure Profiles in Hurricanes","volume":"108","author":"Holland","year":"1980","journal-title":"Mon. Weather Rev."},{"key":"ref_34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3033","DOI":"10.1175\/MWR2831.1","article-title":"Parametric representation of the primary hurricane vortex. Part I: Observations and evaluation of the Holland (1980) model","volume":"132","author":"Willoughby","year":"2004","journal-title":"Mon. Weather Rev."},{"key":"ref_35","unstructured":"Jelesnianski, C.P., and Taylor, A.D. (1973). A Preliminary View of Storm Surges before and after Storm Modifications, Environmental Research Laboratories, Weather Modification Program Office. NOAA Technical Memorandum, ERL WMPO-3."},{"key":"ref_36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2236","DOI":"10.1175\/JAS-D-10-05024.1","article-title":"Self-stratification of tropical cyclone outflow, Part I: Implications for storm structure","volume":"68","author":"Emanuel","year":"2011","journal-title":"J. Atmos. Sci."},{"key":"ref_37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"13","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ecss.2016.10.013","article-title":"Numerical study of coastal hydrodynamics using a coupled model for Hudhud cyclone in the Bay of Bengal","volume":"183","author":"Murty","year":"2016","journal-title":"Estuar.Coast. Shelf Sci."},{"key":"ref_38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1102","DOI":"10.1175\/MWR3106.1","article-title":"Parametric representation of the primary hurricane vortex. Part II: A new family of sectionally continuous profiles","volume":"134","author":"Willoughby","year":"2006","journal-title":"Mon. Weather Rev."},{"key":"ref_39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"279","DOI":"10.1038\/nature01481","article-title":"Reduced drag coefficient for high wind speeds in tropical cyclones","volume":"422","author":"Powell","year":"2003","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"ref_40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3070","DOI":"10.1175\/MWR3454.1","article-title":"Hurricane surface wind measurements from an operational stepped frequency microwave radiometer","volume":"135","author":"Uhlhorn","year":"2007","journal-title":"Mon. Weather. Rev."},{"key":"ref_41","first-page":"1","article-title":"Assessment of CYGNSS Wind Speed Retrieval Uncertainty","volume":"PP","author":"Ruf","year":"2018","journal-title":"IEEE J. Sel. Top. Appl. Earth Obs. Remote Sens."},{"key":"ref_42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3799","DOI":"10.1109\/JSTARS.2017.2695878","article-title":"Retrieving Hurricane Maximum Winds Using Simulated CYGNSS Power-Versus-Delay Waveforms","volume":"10","author":"Katzberg","year":"2017","journal-title":"IEEE J. Sel. Top. Appl. Earth Obs. Remote Sens."},{"key":"ref_43","unstructured":"(2018, October 01). ASCAT Wind Product User Manual, KNMI, De Bit, The Netherlands. Available online: http:\/\/projects.knmi.nl\/ scatterometer\/publications\/pdf\/ASCAT_Product_Manual.pdf."},{"key":"ref_44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2481","DOI":"10.1109\/TGRS.2011.2175001","article-title":"High-resolution ASCAT scatterometer winds near the coast","volume":"50","author":"Verhoef","year":"2012","journal-title":"IEEE Trans. Geosci. Remote Sens."},{"key":"ref_45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1029","DOI":"10.1007\/s11069-011-9960-z","article-title":"Consistency in hurricane surface wind forecasting: An improved parametric model","volume":"61","author":"Hu","year":"2012","journal-title":"Nat. Hazards"},{"key":"ref_46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Fedorovich, E., Rotunno, R., and Stevens, B. (2004). Tropical cyclone energetics and structure. Atmospheric Turbulence and Mesoscale Meteorology, Cambridge University Press.","DOI":"10.1017\/CBO9780511735035"},{"key":"ref_47","unstructured":"Jelesnianski, C.P., Chen, J., and Shaffer, W.A. (1992). SLOSH: Sea, Lake, and Overland Surges from Hurricanes, NOAA AOML Library. NOAA Technical Report NWS 48."},{"key":"ref_48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"621","DOI":"10.1175\/2008WAF2222188.1","article-title":"The Operational Use of QuikSCAT Ocean Surface Vector Winds at the National Hurricane Center","volume":"24","author":"Brennan","year":"2009","journal-title":"Weather Forecast."},{"key":"ref_49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3647","DOI":"10.1175\/JAS-D-15-0014.1","article-title":"A model for the complete radial structure of the tropical cyclone wind field. Part I: Comparison with observed structure","volume":"72","author":"Chavas","year":"2015","journal-title":"J. Atmos. Sci."},{"key":"ref_50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"64","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ocemod.2016.05.002","article-title":"Seamless cross-scale modeling with SCHISM","volume":"102","author":"Zhang","year":"2016","journal-title":"Ocean Model."},{"key":"ref_51","unstructured":"Carr\u00e8re, L., Lyard, F., Cancet, M., Guillot, A., and Roblou, L. (2012, January 24\u201329). FES2012: A new global tidal model taking advantage of nearly 20 years of altimetry. Paper presented at Proceedings of The Symposium 20 Years of Progress in Radar Altimetry, Venice-Lido, Italy."},{"key":"ref_52","unstructured":"Saha, S., Moorthi, S., Wu, X., Wang, J., Nadiga, S., Tripp, P., Behringer, D., Hou, Y.T., Chuang, U.Y., and Iredell, M. (2012). NCEP Climate Forecast System Version 2(CFSv2) Monthly Products, Computational and Information Systems Laboratory. Research Data Archive at the National Center for Atmospheric Research."}],"container-title":["Remote Sensing"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2072-4292\/10\/12\/1963\/pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,11]],"date-time":"2025-10-11T15:31:40Z","timestamp":1760196700000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2072-4292\/10\/12\/1963"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2018,12,6]]},"references-count":52,"journal-issue":{"issue":"12","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,12]]}},"alternative-id":["rs10121963"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/rs10121963","relation":{},"ISSN":["2072-4292"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2072-4292","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2018,12,6]]}}}