{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,26]],"date-time":"2025-10-26T14:18:24Z","timestamp":1761488304709,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":37,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2009,8,25]],"date-time":"2009-08-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1251158400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/3.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Remote Sensing"],"abstract":"<jats:p>The impact of target bidirectional reflectance in dual field of view spectroscopy was described and quantified using field measurements and ray-tracing simulations. A data-driven normalization method was developed to convert reflectance factors under cloud obscured conditions into clear sky reflectance by decomposing the target bidirectional reflectance into an isotropic target-specific component and a group-specific bidirectional component. An evaluation on tree, grass and gravel targets suggests a reduction in relative reflectance error obtained by normalization from 15% to less than 5% between 400 and 1800 nm. At higher wavelengths a decreased signal-to-noise ratio increases the errors.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/rs1030496","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2009,8,25]],"date-time":"2009-08-25T10:20:51Z","timestamp":1251195651000},"page":"496-518","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Evaluation and Normalization of Cloud Obscuration Related BRDF Effects in Field Spectroscopy"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"1","author":[{"given":"Jan","family":"Stuckens","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"M3 BIORES, K.U. Leuven, de Croylaan 34, 3001 Leuven, Belgium"}]},{"given":"Ben","family":"Somers","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"M3 BIORES, K.U. Leuven, de Croylaan 34, 3001 Leuven, Belgium"}]},{"given":"Willem W.","family":"Verstraeten","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"M3 BIORES, K.U. Leuven, de Croylaan 34, 3001 Leuven, Belgium"}]},{"given":"Rony","family":"Swennen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Crop Biotechnics, K.U. Leuven, Kasteelpark Arenberg 13, 3001 Leuven, Belgium"}]},{"given":"Pol","family":"Coppin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"M3 BIORES, K.U. Leuven, de Croylaan 34, 3001 Leuven, Belgium"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2009,8,25]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Milton, E., Schaepman, M., Anderson, K., Kneub\u00fchler, M., and Fox, N. (4,, January July). Progress in field spectroscopy. IEEE International Conference on Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium, IGARSS 2006, Denver, CO, USA.","DOI":"10.1109\/IGARSS.2006.509"},{"key":"ref_2","unstructured":"(1999). ASD Technical Guide, Analytical Spectral Devices. [3rd ed.]."},{"key":"ref_3","unstructured":"Milton, E., Rollin, E., and Emery, D. (1995). 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