{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,12]],"date-time":"2025-10-12T04:08:02Z","timestamp":1760242082143,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":35,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,12,20]],"date-time":"2018-12-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1545264000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000780","name":"European Union","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["607405"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["607405"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000780","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Remote Sensing"],"abstract":"<jats:p>The Multi-angle Imaging SpectroRadiometer (MISR) sensor onboard the Terra satellite provides high accuracy albedo products. MISR deploys nine cameras each at different view angles, which allow a near-simultaneous angular sampling of the surface anisotropy. This is particularly important to measure the near-instantaneous albedo of dynamic surface features such as clouds or sea ice. However, MISR\u2019s cloud mask over snow or sea ice is not yet sufficiently robust because MISR\u2019s spectral bands are only located in the visible and the near infrared. To overcome this obstacle, we performed data fusion using a specially processed MISR sea ice albedo product (that was generated at Langley Research Center using Rayleigh correction) combining this with a cloud mask of a sea ice mask product, MOD29, which is derived from the MODerate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS), which is also, like MISR, onboard the Terra satellite. The accuracy of the MOD29 cloud mask has been assessed as &gt;90% due to the fact that MODIS has a much larger number of spectral bands and covers a much wider range of the solar spectrum. Four daily sea ice products have been created, each with a different averaging time window (24 h, 7 days, 15 days, 31 days). For each time window, the number of samples, mean and standard deviation of MISR cloud-free sea ice albedo is calculated. These products are publicly available on a predefined polar stereographic grid at three spatial resolutions (1 km, 5 km, 25 km). The time span of the generated sea ice albedo covers the months between March and September of each year from 2000 to 2016 inclusive. In addition to data production, an evaluation of the accuracy of sea ice albedo was performed through a comparison with a dataset generated from a tower based albedometer from NOAA\/ESRL\/GMD\/GRAD. This comparison confirms the high accuracy and stability of MISR\u2019s sea ice albedo since its launch in February 2000. We also performed an evaluation of the day-of-year trend of sea ice albedo between 2000 and 2016, which confirm the reduction of sea ice shortwave albedo with an order of 0.4\u20131%, depending on the day of year and the length of observed time window.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/rs11010009","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,12,20]],"date-time":"2018-12-20T12:54:36Z","timestamp":1545310476000},"page":"9","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["Sea Ice Albedo from MISR and MODIS: Production, Validation, and Trend Analysis"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"11","author":[{"given":"Said","family":"Kharbouche","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Imaging Group, Mullard Space Science Laboratory, Department of Space and Climate Physics, University College London, Holmbury St Mary RH5-6NT, UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5077-3736","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jan-Peter","family":"Muller","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Imaging Group, Mullard Space Science Laboratory, Department of Space and Climate Physics, University College London, Holmbury St Mary RH5-6NT, UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,12,20]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1550","DOI":"10.1175\/1520-0442(2004)017<1550:TROSAF>2.0.CO;2","article-title":"The role of surface albedo feedback in climate","volume":"17","author":"Hall","year":"2004","journal-title":"J. Clim."},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1431","DOI":"10.1175\/BAMS-D-13-00047.1","article-title":"The concept of essential climate variables in support of climate research, applications, and policy","volume":"95","author":"Bojinski","year":"2014","journal-title":"Bull. Am. Meteorol. Soc."},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"221","DOI":"10.1007\/s00382-003-0332-6","article-title":"Polar amplification of climate change in coupled models","volume":"21","author":"Holland","year":"2003","journal-title":"Clim. Dyn."},{"key":"ref_4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Hall, A., and Qu, X. (2006). Using the current seasonal cycle to constrain snow albedo feedback in future climate change. Geophys. Res. Lett., 33.","DOI":"10.1029\/2005GL025127"},{"key":"ref_5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Perovich, D.K., and Polashenski, C. (2012). Albedo evolution of seasonal Arctic sea ice. Geophys. Res. Lett., 39.","DOI":"10.1029\/2012GL051432"},{"key":"ref_6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2398","DOI":"10.1175\/JCLI3751.1","article-title":"Influence of the sea ice thickness distribution on polar climate in CCSM3","volume":"19","author":"Holland","year":"2006","journal-title":"J. Clim."},{"key":"ref_7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Eisenman, I., Untersteiner, N., and Wettlaufer, J. (2007). On the reliability of simulated Arctic sea ice in global climate models. Geophys. Res. Lett., 34.","DOI":"10.1029\/2007GL029914"},{"key":"ref_8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Stroeve, J.C., Kattsov, V., Barrett, A., Serreze, M., Pavlova, T., Holland, M., and Meier, W.N. (2012). Trends in Arctic sea ice extent from CMIP5, CMIP3 and observations. Geophys. Res. Lett., 39.","DOI":"10.1029\/2012GL052676"},{"key":"ref_9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Winton, M. (2006). Amplified Arctic climate change: What does surface albedo feedback have to do with it?. Geophys. Res. Lett., 33.","DOI":"10.1029\/2005GL025244"},{"key":"ref_10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Perovich, D.K., Light, B., Eicken, H., Jones, K.F., Runciman, K., and Nghiem, S.V. (2007). Increasing solar heating of the Arctic Ocean and adjacent seas, 1979\u20132005: Attribution and role in the ice-albedo feedback. Geophys. Res. Lett., 34.","DOI":"10.1029\/2007GL031480"},{"key":"ref_11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"115","DOI":"10.1016\/j.isprsjprs.2014.03.009","article-title":"Who launched what, when and why; trends in global land-cover observation capacity from civilian earth observation satellites","volume":"103","author":"Belward","year":"2015","journal-title":"ISPRS J. Photogramm. Remote Sens."},{"key":"ref_12","first-page":"42","article-title":"MODIS BRDF\/albedo product: Algorithm theoretical basis document version 5.0","volume":"23","author":"Strahler","year":"1999","journal-title":"MODIS Doc."},{"key":"ref_13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"213","DOI":"10.1016\/S0034-4257(00)00205-4","article-title":"Narrowband to broadband conversions of land surface albedo I: Algorithms","volume":"76","author":"Liang","year":"2001","journal-title":"Remote Sens. Environ."},{"key":"ref_14","first-page":"10969","article-title":"The ESA GlobAlbedo Project for mapping the Earth\u2019s land surface albedo for 15 Years from European Sensors","volume":"13","author":"Muller","year":"2012","journal-title":"Geophys. Res. Abstr."},{"key":"ref_15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1072","DOI":"10.1109\/36.700992","article-title":"Multi-angle Imaging SpectroRadiometer (MISR) instrument description and experiment overview","volume":"36","author":"Diner","year":"1998","journal-title":"IEEE Trans. Geosci. Remote Sens."},{"key":"ref_16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5351","DOI":"10.5194\/acp-13-5351-2013","article-title":"CLARA-A1: A cloud, albedo, and radiation dataset from 28 yr of global AVHRR data","volume":"13","author":"Karlsson","year":"2013","journal-title":"Atmos. Chem. Phys."},{"key":"ref_17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5809","DOI":"10.5194\/acp-17-5809-2017","article-title":"CLARA-A2: The second edition of the CM SAF cloud and radiation data record from 34 years of global AVHRR data","volume":"17","author":"Karlsson","year":"2017","journal-title":"Atmos. Chem. Phys."},{"key":"ref_18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"10219","DOI":"10.1029\/1999JD901122","article-title":"Effects of snow physical parameters on spectral albedo and bidirectional reflectance of snow surface","volume":"105","author":"Aoki","year":"2000","journal-title":"J. Geophys. Res. Atmos."},{"key":"ref_19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2849","DOI":"10.1002\/jgrd.50278","article-title":"A global survey of the effect of cloud contamination on the aerosol optical thickness and its long-term trend derived from operational AVHRR satellite observations","volume":"118","author":"Zhao","year":"2013","journal-title":"J. Geophys. Res. Atmos."},{"key":"ref_20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2294","DOI":"10.1109\/TGRS.2005.855131","article-title":"Measurement of directional and spectral signatures of light reflectance by snow","volume":"43","author":"Peltoniemi","year":"2005","journal-title":"IEEE Trans. Geosci. Remote Sens."},{"key":"ref_21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"25789","DOI":"10.1029\/98JE01898","article-title":"Effect of surface roughness on bidirectional reflectance of Antarctic snow","volume":"103","author":"Warren","year":"1998","journal-title":"J. Geophys. Res. Planets"},{"key":"ref_22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Kay, J.E., and Gettelman, A. (2009). Cloud influence on and response to seasonal Arctic sea ice loss. J. Geophys. Res. Atmos., 114.","DOI":"10.1029\/2009JD011773"},{"key":"ref_23","unstructured":"Riggs, G.A., and Hall, D.K. (2015). MODIS\/Terra Sea Ice Extent 5-Min L2 Swath 1km, Version 6. [MOD29], NASA National Snow and Ice Data Center Distributed Active Archive Center. Technical Report."},{"key":"ref_24","unstructured":"Jovanovic, V., Miller, K., Rheingans, B., and Moroney, C. (2012). MISR Science Data Product Guide, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology."},{"key":"ref_25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1266","DOI":"10.1109\/36.701077","article-title":"Determination of land and ocean reflective, radiative, and biophysical properties using multiangle imaging","volume":"36","author":"Martonchik","year":"1998","journal-title":"IEEE Trans. Geosci. Remote Sens."},{"key":"ref_26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1073","DOI":"10.1175\/2007JTECHA1053.1","article-title":"Cloud detection with MODIS. Part II: Validation","volume":"25","author":"Ackerman","year":"2008","journal-title":"J. Atmos. Ocean. Technol."},{"key":"ref_27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"27","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rse.2006.03.002","article-title":"Reflectance quantities in optical remote sensing\u2014Definitions and case studies","volume":"103","author":"Schaepman","year":"2006","journal-title":"Remote Sens. Environ."},{"key":"ref_28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Herber, A., Thomason, L.W., Gernandt, H., Leiterer, U., Nagel, D., Schulz, K.H., Kaptur, J., Albrecht, T., and Notholt, J. (2002). Continuous day and night aerosol optical depth observations in the Arctic between 1991 and 1999. J. Geophys. Res. Atmos., 107.","DOI":"10.1029\/2001JD000536"},{"key":"ref_29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2580","DOI":"10.1175\/JAS3479.1","article-title":"Coupling diffuse sky radiation and surface albedo","volume":"62","author":"Pinty","year":"2005","journal-title":"J. Atmos. Sci."},{"key":"ref_30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Bruegge, C.J., Val, S., Diner, D.J., Jovanovic, V., Gray, E., Di Girolamo, L., and Zhao, G. (2014, January 17\u201321). Radiometric stability of the Multi-angle Imaging SpectroRadiometer (MISR) following 15 years on-orbit. Proceedings of the SPIE Optical Engineering and Applications, San Diego, CA, USA.","DOI":"10.1117\/12.2062319"},{"key":"ref_31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Kharbouche, S., Muller, J.P., Gatebe, C.K., Scanlon, T., and Banks, A.C. (2017). Assessment of Satellite-Derived Surface Reflectances by NASA\u2019s CAR Airborne Radiometer over Railroad Valley Playa. Remote Sens., 9.","DOI":"10.3390\/rs9060562"},{"key":"ref_32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Laine, V. (2004). Arctic sea ice regional albedo variability and trends, 1982\u20131998. J. Geophys. Res. Oceans, 109.","DOI":"10.1029\/2003JC001818"},{"key":"ref_33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"895","DOI":"10.1038\/nclimate1963","article-title":"Observed changes in the albedo of the Arctic sea-ice zone for the period 1982\u20132009","volume":"3","author":"Manninen","year":"2013","journal-title":"Nat. Clim. Chang."},{"key":"ref_34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1216","DOI":"10.1002\/2013GL058951","article-title":"Changes in Arctic melt season and implications for sea ice loss","volume":"41","author":"Stroeve","year":"2014","journal-title":"Geophys. Res. Lett."},{"key":"ref_35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"947","DOI":"10.1038\/nature02050","article-title":"High interannual variability of sea ice thickness in the Arctic region","volume":"425","author":"Laxon","year":"2003","journal-title":"Nature"}],"container-title":["Remote Sensing"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2072-4292\/11\/1\/9\/pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,11]],"date-time":"2025-10-11T15:35:16Z","timestamp":1760196916000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2072-4292\/11\/1\/9"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2018,12,20]]},"references-count":35,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,1]]}},"alternative-id":["rs11010009"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/rs11010009","relation":{},"ISSN":["2072-4292"],"issn-type":[{"type":"electronic","value":"2072-4292"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2018,12,20]]}}}