{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,10]],"date-time":"2026-03-10T16:31:49Z","timestamp":1773160309281,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":42,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,1,16]],"date-time":"2019-01-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1547596800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Open Fund of Key Laboratory of Urban Land Resources Monitoring and Simulation, Ministry of Land and Resources","award":["N\/A"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["N\/A"]}]},{"name":"National Key Basic Research Program of China","award":["2015CB954103"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2015CB954103"]}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["41601356"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["41601356"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Remote Sensing"],"abstract":"<jats:p>The Lianjiang Plain in China and ancient villages distributed within the plain are under the potential threat of surface motion change, but no effective monitoring strategy currently exists. Distributed Scatterer InSAR (DSInSAR) provides a new high-resolution method for the precise detection of surface motion change. In contrast to the first-generation of time-series InSAR methodology, the distributed scatterer-based method focuses both on pointwise targets with high phase stability and distributed targets with moderate coherence, the latter of which is more suitable for the comprehensive environment of the Lianjiang Plain. In this paper, we present the first study of surface motion change detection in the Lianjiang Plain, China. Two data stacks, including 54 and 29 images from Sentinel-1A adjacent orbits, are used to retrieve time-series surface motion changes for the Lianjiang Plain from 2015 to 2018. The consistency of measurement has been cross-validated between adjacent orbit results with a statistically significant determination coefficient of 0.92. The temporal evolution of representative measuring points indicates three subzones with varied surface patterns: Eastern Puning (Zone A) in a slight elastic rebound phase with a moderate deformation rate (0\u201340 mm\/year), Chaonan (Zone B) in a substantial subsidence phase with a strong deformation rate (\u2212140\u20130 mm\/year), and Chaoyang (Zone C) in a homogeneous and stable situation (\u221210\u201310 mm\/year). The spatial distribution of these zones suggests a combined change dynamic and a strong concordance of factors impacting surface motion change. Human activities, especially groundwater exploitation, dominate the subsidence pattern, and natural conditions act as a supplementary inducement by providing a hazard-prone environment. The qualitative and quantitative analysis of spatial and temporal details in this study provides a basis for systematic surface motion monitoring, cultural heritage protection and groundwater resources management.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/rs11020166","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,1,17]],"date-time":"2019-01-17T03:02:03Z","timestamp":1547694123000},"page":"166","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["Distributed Scatterer InSAR Reveals Surface Motion of the Ancient Chaoshan Residence Cluster in the Lianjiang Plain, China"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"11","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8870-033X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yuzhou","family":"Liu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Space and Earth Information Science, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, N.T., Hong Kong"}]},{"given":"Peifeng","family":"Ma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Space and Earth Information Science, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, N.T., Hong Kong"},{"name":"Key Laboratory of Urban Land Resources Monitoring and Simulation, Ministry of Land and Resources, Shenzhen 518034, China"},{"name":"Faculty of Geosciences and Environmental Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 611756, China"}]},{"given":"Hui","family":"Lin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Space and Earth Information Science, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, N.T., Hong Kong"},{"name":"Shenzhen Research Institute, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen 518063, China"},{"name":"Department of Geography and Resource Management, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, N.T., Hong Kong"}]},{"given":"Weixi","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of Urban Land Resources Monitoring and Simulation, Ministry of Land and Resources, Shenzhen 518034, China"},{"name":"Research Institute for Smart Cities, School of Architecture and Urban Planning, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6011-0269","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Guoqiang","family":"Shi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Space and Earth Information Science, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, N.T., Hong Kong"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,1,16]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","first-page":"99","article-title":"Study on the coordinated development of population, economy and nature in Guangdong","volume":"17","author":"Lin","year":"2016","journal-title":"Econ. 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