{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,12]],"date-time":"2025-10-12T03:33:21Z","timestamp":1760240001326,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":105,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,3,2]],"date-time":"2019-03-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1551484800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Brazilian Ministry of Science, Technology, Innovation and Communications","award":["BR-T1284"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["BR-T1284"]}]},{"name":"Brazil\u2019s Coordination for the Improvement of Higher Education Personnel (CAPES)","award":["23038.007722\/2014-77"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["23038.007722\/2014-77"]}]},{"name":"Amazonas Research Foundation (FAPEAM)","award":["2649\/2014"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2649\/2014"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Remote Sensing"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Tropical vegetation biomass represents a key component of the carbon stored in global forest ecosystems. Estimates of aboveground biomass commonly rely on measurements of tree size (diameter and height) and then indirectly relate, via allometric relationships and wood density, to biomass sampled from a relatively small number of harvested and weighed trees. Recently, however, novel in situ remote sensing techniques have been proposed, which may provide nondestructive alternative approaches to derive biomass estimates. Nonetheless, we still lack knowledge of the measurement uncertainties, as both the calibration and validation of estimates using different techniques and instruments requires consistent assessment of the underlying errors. To that end, we investigate different approaches estimating the tropical aboveground biomass in situ. We quantify the total and systematic errors among measurements obtained from terrestrial light detection and ranging (LiDAR), hypsometer-based trigonometry, and traditional forest inventory. We show that laser-based estimates of aboveground biomass are in good agreement (&lt;10% measurement uncertainty) with traditional measurements. However, relative uncertainties vary among the allometric equations based on the vegetation parameters used for parameterization. We report the error metrics for measurements of tree diameter and tree height and discuss the consequences for estimated biomass. Despite methodological differences detected in this study, we conclude that laser-based electronic devices could complement conventional measurement techniques, thereby potentially improving estimates of tropical vegetation biomass.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/rs11050510","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,3,4]],"date-time":"2019-03-04T05:45:36Z","timestamp":1551678336000},"page":"510","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":13,"title":["Performance of Laser-Based Electronic Devices for Structural Analysis of Amazonian Terra-Firme Forests"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"11","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8547-5061","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Iokanam Sales","family":"Pereira","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Coordena\u00e7\u00e3o de Din\u00e2mica Ambiental, Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amaz\u00f4nia, Av. Andr\u00e9 Ara\u00fajo 2936, Petr\u00f3polis, Manaus, AM 69067-375, Brazil"}]},{"given":"Henrique E.","family":"Mendon\u00e7a do Nascimento","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Coordena\u00e7\u00e3o de Biodiversidade, Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amaz\u00f4nia, Av. Andr\u00e9 Ara\u00fajo 2936, Petr\u00f3polis, Manaus, AM 69067-375, Brazil"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8841-4205","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Matheus","family":"Boni Vicari","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Geography, University College London, Gower Street, London WC1E 6BT, UK"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2407-4026","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mathias","family":"Disney","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Geography, University College London, Gower Street, London WC1E 6BT, UK"},{"name":"NERC National Centre for Earth Observation, University of Leicester, University Road, Leicester LE1 7RH, UK"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3400-6286","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Evan H.","family":"DeLucia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Department of Plant Biology, Institute For Sustainability, Energy, and Environment, Urbana, IL 61801, USA"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2857-9838","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tomas","family":"Domingues","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculdade de Filosofia, Ci\u00eancias e Letras (FFCLRP-USP) Ribeir\u00e3o Preto, Ribeir\u00e3o Preto, SP 14040-900, Brazil"}]},{"given":"Bart","family":"Kruijt","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Environmental Sciences, Wageningen University, 6700AA Wageningen, The Netherlands"}]},{"given":"David","family":"Lapola","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Meteorological and Climatic Research Applied to Agriculture, University of Campinas, Campinas, SP 13083-886, Brazil"}]},{"given":"Patrick","family":"Meir","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Geosciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH9 3JN, UK"},{"name":"Research School of Biology, The Australian National University, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia"}]},{"given":"Richard J.","family":"Norby","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Environmental Sciences Division and Climate Change Science Institute, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6301, USA"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4221-1039","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jean P.H.B.","family":"Ometto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Earth System Science, National Institute for Space Research, S\u00e3o Jos\u00e9 dos Campos, SP 12227-010, Brazil"}]},{"given":"Carlos A.","family":"Quesada","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Coordena\u00e7\u00e3o de Din\u00e2mica Ambiental, Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amaz\u00f4nia, Av. Andr\u00e9 Ara\u00fajo 2936, Petr\u00f3polis, Manaus, AM 69067-375, Brazil"}]},{"given":"Anja","family":"Rammig","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Life Sciences Weihenstephan, Technical University of Munich, Hans-Carl-von-Carlowitz-Platz 2, 85356 Freising, Germany"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0073-0946","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Florian","family":"Hofhansl","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"International Institute for Applied Systems Analysis (IIASA); Schlossplatz 1, Laxenburg A-2361, Austria"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,3,2]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9899","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1019576108","article-title":"Benchmark map of forest carbon stocks in tropical regions across three continents","volume":"108","author":"Saatchi","year":"2011","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. 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