{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,3]],"date-time":"2025-11-03T03:59:28Z","timestamp":1762142368975,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":37,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,3,5]],"date-time":"2019-03-05T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1551744000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["41374108","41574097","41504083"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["41374108","41574097","41504083"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"the Major Projects of the National Science and Technology of China","award":["2016ZX05026-002-003"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2016ZX05026-002-003"]}]},{"name":"the National Key Research Development Program","award":["2016YC06001104"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2016YC06001104"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Remote Sensing"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Structural analysis of lunar regolith not only provides important information about lunar geology but also provides a reference for future lunar sample return missions. The Lunar Penetrating Radar (LPR) onboard China\u2019s Chang\u2019E-3 (CE-3) provides a unique opportunity for mapping the subsurface structure and the near-surface stratigraphic structure of the regolith. The problem of rock positioning and regolith-basement interface highlighting is meaningful. In this paper, we propose an adaptive rock extraction method based on local similarity constraints to achieve the rock location and quantitative analysis for regolith. Firstly, a processing pipeline is designed to image the LPR CH-2 A and B data. Secondly, we adopt an f-x EMD (empirical mode decomposition)-based dip filter to extract low-wavenumber components in the two data. Then, we calculate the local similarity spectrum between the filtered CH-2 A and B. After a soft threshold function, we pick the local maximums in the spectrum as the location of each rock. Finally, according to the extracted result, on the one hand, the depth of regolith is obtained, and on the other hand, the distribution information of the rocks in regolith, which changes with the path and the depth, is also revealed.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/rs11050530","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,3,5]],"date-time":"2019-03-05T11:19:50Z","timestamp":1551784790000},"page":"530","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":17,"title":["Rock Location and Quantitative Analysis of Regolith at the Chang\u2019e 3 Landing Site Based on Local Similarity Constraint"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"11","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5608-4966","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Bin","family":"Hu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Geo-Exploration Science and Technology, Jilin University, Changchun 130026, China"},{"name":"Ministry of Land and Resources Key Laboratory of Applied Geophysics, Jilin University, Changchun 130026, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Deli","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Geo-Exploration Science and Technology, Jilin University, Changchun 130026, China"},{"name":"Ministry of Land and Resources Key Laboratory of Applied Geophysics, Jilin University, Changchun 130026, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ling","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Geo-Exploration Science and Technology, Jilin University, Changchun 130026, China"},{"name":"Ministry of Land and Resources Key Laboratory of Applied Geophysics, Jilin University, Changchun 130026, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Zhaofa","family":"Zeng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Geo-Exploration Science and Technology, Jilin University, Changchun 130026, China"},{"name":"Ministry of Land and Resources Key Laboratory of Applied Geophysics, Jilin University, Changchun 130026, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,3,5]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1226","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1259866","article-title":"A young multilayered terrane of the northern Mare Imbrium revealed by Chang\u2019E-3 mission","volume":"347","author":"Xiao","year":"2015","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1607","DOI":"10.1088\/1674-4527\/14\/12\/009","article-title":"Lunar Penetrating Radar onboard the Chang\u2019e-3 mission","volume":"14","author":"Fang","year":"2014","journal-title":"Res. 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