{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,7]],"date-time":"2026-02-07T14:17:13Z","timestamp":1770473833332,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":40,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,3,15]],"date-time":"2019-03-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1552608000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003593","name":"Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cient\u00edfico e Tecnol\u00f3gico","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["304213\/2017-9, 304540\/2017-0 and 408631\/2016-3"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["304213\/2017-9, 304540\/2017-0 and 408631\/2016-3"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003593","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Remote Sensing"],"abstract":"<jats:p>In Para\u00edba state, precipitation is strongly affected by several climate systems, such as trade winds, the intertropical convergence zone (ITCZ), easterly wave disturbances (EWDs), and the South Atlantic subtropical high. Accordingly, the objective of this study was to analyze the spatiotemporal variability in precipitation to identify homogeneous trends of that variable and the effects of climate systems in Para\u00edba state by cluster analysis. The precipitation data used in this study derive from the Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission (TRMM) satellite for the period from January 1998 to December 2015, and hierarchical clustering was used to classify the sites into different groups with similar trends. The findings show an uneven spatiotemporal precipitation distribution in all mesoregions of the state and considerable monthly precipitation variation in space. The estimated precipitation depth was highest in coastal regions and in high-altitude areas due to orographic precipitation. In general, the precipitation over Para\u00edba is characterized by strong gradients in the coastal zone towards the continent (Agreste, Borborema, and Sert\u00e3o mesoregions) and from north to south due to the physiography of the region and the effects of climate systems with different time scales. Finally, the proposed clustering method using TRMM data was effective in characterizing climatic systems.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/rs11060637","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,3,18]],"date-time":"2019-03-18T04:06:55Z","timestamp":1552882015000},"page":"637","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":58,"title":["Cluster Analysis Applied to Spatiotemporal Variability of Monthly Precipitation over Para\u00edba State Using Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission (TRMM) Data"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"11","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7927-9718","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Celso Augusto Guimar\u00e3es","family":"Santos","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Federal University of Para\u00edba, Jo\u00e3o Pessoa 58051-900, PB, Brazil"}]},{"given":"Reginaldo Moura","family":"Brasil Neto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Federal University of Para\u00edba, Jo\u00e3o Pessoa 58051-900, PB, Brazil"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6601-5174","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Richarde Marques","family":"da Silva","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Geosciences, Federal University of Para\u00edba, Jo\u00e3o Pessoa 58051-900, PB, Brazil"}]},{"given":"Samir Gon\u00e7alves Fernandes","family":"Costa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Federal University of Para\u00edba, Jo\u00e3o Pessoa 58051-900, PB, Brazil"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,3,15]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","first-page":"845","article-title":"Analysis of precipitation time series of urban centers of northeastern Brazil using wavelet transform","volume":"6","author":"Santos","year":"2012","journal-title":"Int. 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