{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,23]],"date-time":"2026-06-23T20:47:38Z","timestamp":1782247658695,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":63,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,5,4]],"date-time":"2019-05-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1556928000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["41431176"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["41431176"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["41576030"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["41576030"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["41776045"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["41776045"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["41776044"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["41776044"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Science and Technology Planning Project of Guangdong Province, China","award":["2016A020222008"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2016A020222008"]}]},{"name":"Science and Technology Planning Project of Guangzhou, China","award":["201504010034"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["201504010034"]}]},{"name":"Science and Technology Planning Project of Guangzhou, China","award":["201607020041"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["201607020041"]}]},{"name":"Science and Technology Planning Project of Guangzhou, China","award":["201707020023"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["201707020023"]}]},{"name":"China Scholarship Council, The Strategic Priority Research Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences","award":["XDA11040302"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["XDA11040302"]}]},{"name":"Open Project Program of the State Key Laboratory of Tropical Oceanography","award":["LTOZZ1602"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["LTOZZ1602"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Remote Sensing"],"abstract":"<jats:p>The phytoplankton size class (PSC) plays an important role in biogeochemical processes in the ocean. In this study, a regional model of PSCs is proposed to retrieve vertical PSCs from the total minus water absorption coefficient (at-w(\u03bb)) and Chlorophyll a concentration (Chla). The PSC model is developed by first reconstructing phytoplankton absorption and Chla from at-w(\u03bb), and then extracting PSC from them using the support vector machine (SVM). In situ bio-optical data collected in the South China Sea from 2006 to 2013 were used to train the SVM. The proposed PSC model was subsequently validated using an independent PSC dataset from the Northeast South China Sea Cruise in 2015. The results indicate that the PSC model performed better than the three components model, with a value of r2 between 0.35 and 0.66, and the absolute percentage difference between 56% and 181%. On the whole, our PSC model shows a remarkable utility in terms of inferring vertical PSCs from the South China Sea.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/rs11091054","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,5,9]],"date-time":"2019-05-09T08:19:59Z","timestamp":1557389999000},"page":"1054","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":28,"title":["Retrieving Phytoplankton Size Class from the Absorption Coefficient and Chlorophyll A Concentration Based on Support Vector Machine"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"11","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2566-2214","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lin","family":"Deng","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Tropical Oceanography, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510301, China"},{"name":"University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wen","family":"Zhou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Tropical Oceanography, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510301, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wenxi","family":"Cao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Tropical Oceanography, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510301, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wendi","family":"Zheng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Tropical Oceanography, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510301, China"},{"name":"University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5230-7384","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Guifen","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Oceanography, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zhantang","family":"Xu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Tropical Oceanography, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510301, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Cai","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Tropical Oceanography, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510301, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yuezhong","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Tropical Oceanography, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510301, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shuibo","family":"Hu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Life Sciences and Oceanography, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wenjing","family":"Zhao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"South China Institute of Environmental Sciences, the Ministry of Environmental Protection of RPC, Guangzhou 510535, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,5,4]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"354","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1095964","article-title":"The evolution of modern eukaryotic phytoplankton","volume":"305","author":"Falkowski","year":"2004","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"237","DOI":"10.1126\/science.281.5374.237","article-title":"Primary Production of the Biosphere: Integrating Terrestrial and Oceanic Components","volume":"281","author":"Field","year":"1998","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1245","DOI":"10.1093\/plankt\/17.6.1245","article-title":"An estimate of global primary production in the ocean from satellite radiometer data","volume":"17","author":"Longhurst","year":"1995","journal-title":"J. Plank. Res."},{"key":"ref_4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2016","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2486.2005.1004.x","article-title":"Ecosystem dynamics based on plankton functional types for global ocean biogeochemistry models","volume":"11","author":"Harrison","year":"2005","journal-title":"Glob. Change Bio."},{"key":"ref_5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"93","DOI":"10.3354\/meps030093","article-title":"Size dependence of growth and photosynthesis in diatoms: A synthesis","volume":"30","author":"Geider","year":"1986","journal-title":"Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser."},{"key":"ref_6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1003","DOI":"10.1093\/plankt\/13.5.1003","article-title":"The size-based dynamics of plankton food webs. I. A simulation model of carbon and nitrogen flows","volume":"13","author":"Maloney","year":"1991","journal-title":"J. Plank. Res."},{"key":"ref_7","first-page":"640","article-title":"Jellyfish populations explosions: Revisiting a hypothesis of possible causes","volume":"40","author":"Parsons","year":"2002","journal-title":"La Mer"},{"key":"ref_8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"421","DOI":"10.1111\/j.0022-3646.1976.00421.x","article-title":"The relationship between photosynthesis and light for natural assemblages of coastal marine phytoplankton","volume":"12","author":"Platt","year":"1976","journal-title":"J. Phyco."},{"key":"ref_9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"249","DOI":"10.3354\/meps022249","article-title":"Nitrogen uptake by size-fractionated phytoplankton populations in the southern Benguela upwelling system","volume":"22","author":"Probyn","year":"1985","journal-title":"Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser."},{"key":"ref_10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1256","DOI":"10.4319\/lo.1978.23.6.1256","article-title":"Pelagic ecosystem structure: Heterotrophic compartments of the plankton and their relationship to plankton size fraction","volume":"23","author":"Sieburth","year":"1978","journal-title":"Limnol. Oceanogr."},{"key":"ref_11","unstructured":"Sathyendranath, S. (2014). Phytoplankton Functional Types from Space. Reports of the International Ocean-Colour Coordinating Group, IOCCG."},{"key":"ref_12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1472","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ecolmodel.2010.02.014","article-title":"A three-component model of phytoplankton size class for the Atlantic Ocean","volume":"221","author":"Brewin","year":"2010","journal-title":"Ecol. Model."},{"key":"ref_13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"311","DOI":"10.5194\/bg-8-311-2011","article-title":"Synoptic relationships between surface Chlorophyll-a and diagnostic pigments specific to phytoplankton functional types","volume":"8","author":"Hirata","year":"2011","journal-title":"Biogeosci."},{"key":"ref_14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"249","DOI":"10.1080\/014311601449925","article-title":"Remote sensing of phytoplankton pigments: A comparison of empirical and theoretical approaches","volume":"22","author":"Sathyendranath","year":"2001","journal-title":"Int. J. Remote Sens."},{"key":"ref_15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Uitz, J., Claustre, H., Morel, A., and Hooker, S.B. (2006). Vertical distribution of phytoplankton communities in open ocean: An assessment based on surface chlorophyll. J. Geophys. Res., 111.","DOI":"10.1029\/2005JC003207"},{"key":"ref_16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"237","DOI":"10.4319\/lom.2006.4.237","article-title":"Retrievals of a size parameter for phytoplankton and spectral light absorption by coloured detrital matter from water-leaving radiances at SeaWiFS channels in a continental shelf off Brazil","volume":"4","author":"Ciotti","year":"2006","journal-title":"Limnol. Oceanogr."},{"key":"ref_17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"404","DOI":"10.4319\/lo.2002.47.2.0404","article-title":"Assessment of the Relationships between Dominant Cell Size in Natural Phytoplankton Communities and the Spectral Shape of the Absorption Coefficient","volume":"47","author":"Ciotti","year":"2002","journal-title":"Limnol. Oceanogr."},{"key":"ref_18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Devred, E., Sathyendranath, S., Stuart, V., Maass, H., Ulloa, O., and Platt, T. (2006). A two-component model of phytoplankton absorption in the open ocean: Theory and applications. J. Geophys. Res., 111.","DOI":"10.1029\/2005JC002880"},{"key":"ref_19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3153","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rse.2008.03.011","article-title":"An absorption model to determine phytoplankton size classes from satellite ocean colour","volume":"112","author":"Hirata","year":"2008","journal-title":"Remote Sens. Environ."},{"key":"ref_20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"185","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rse.2013.08.004","article-title":"The global distribution of phytoplankton size spectrum and size classes from their light-absorption spectra derived from satellite data","volume":"139","author":"Roy","year":"2013","journal-title":"Remote Sens. Environ."},{"key":"ref_21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1029\/2009JC005303","article-title":"Retrieval of the particle size distribution from satellite ocean color observations","volume":"114","author":"Kostadinov","year":"2009","journal-title":"J. Geophys. Res."},{"key":"ref_22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2257","DOI":"10.1364\/AO.52.002257","article-title":"Multivariate approach for the retrieval of phytoplankton size structure from measured light absorption spectra in the Mediterranean Sea","volume":"52","author":"Emanuele","year":"2013","journal-title":"Appl. Opt."},{"key":"ref_23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"10301","DOI":"10.1364\/OE.23.010301","article-title":"Remote estimation of phytoplankton size fractions using the spectral shape of light absorption","volume":"23","author":"Wang","year":"2015","journal-title":"Opt. Express"},{"key":"ref_24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"246","DOI":"10.1002\/2017JC013195","article-title":"Phytoplankton Pigment Communities Can be Modeled Using Unique Relationships with Spectral Absorption Signatures in a Dynamic Coastal Environment","volume":"123","author":"Catlett","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. Geophys. Res."},{"key":"ref_25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2578","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rse.2011.05.014","article-title":"Cluster analysis of hyperspectral optical data for discriminating phytoplankton pigment assemblages in the open ocean","volume":"115","author":"Torrecilla","year":"2011","journal-title":"Remote Sens. Environ."},{"key":"ref_26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"58","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rse.2015.09.027","article-title":"Assessing phytoplankton community composition from hyperspectral measurements of phytoplankton absorption coefficient and remote-sensing reflectance in open-ocean environments","volume":"171","author":"Uitz","year":"2015","journal-title":"Remote Sens. Environ."},{"key":"ref_27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"325","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rse.2010.09.004","article-title":"An intercomparison of bio-optical techniques for detecting dominant phytoplankton size class from satellite remote sensing","volume":"115","author":"Brewin","year":"2011","journal-title":"Remote Sens. Environ."},{"key":"ref_28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"605","DOI":"10.4319\/lo.2008.53.2.0605","article-title":"Identifying phytoplankton functional groups from space: An ecological approach","volume":"53","author":"Raitsos","year":"2008","journal-title":"Limnol. Oceanogr."},{"key":"ref_29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1445","DOI":"10.1002\/jgrc.20137","article-title":"Estimation of phytoplankton size fractions based on spectral features of remote sensing ocean color data","volume":"118","author":"Li","year":"2013","journal-title":"J. Geophys. Res."},{"key":"ref_30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Hu, S., Liu, H., Zhao, W., Shi, T., Hu, Z., Li, Q., and Wu, G. (2018). Comparison of Machine Learning Techniques in Inferring Phytoplankton Size Classes. Remote Sens., 10.","DOI":"10.3390\/rs10030191"},{"key":"ref_31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"117","DOI":"10.1016\/j.dsr2.2012.04.009","article-title":"The influence of the Indian Ocean Dipole on interannual variations in phytoplankton size structure as revealed by Earth Observation","volume":"77\u201380","author":"Brewin","year":"2012","journal-title":"Deep Sea Res. II"},{"key":"ref_32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Mouw, C.B., and Yoder, J.A. (2010). Optical determination of phytoplankton size composition from global SeaWiFS imagery. J. Geophys. Res., 115.","DOI":"10.1029\/2010JC006337"},{"key":"ref_33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3366","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rse.2008.01.021","article-title":"Remote sensing of phytoplankton functional types","volume":"112","author":"Nair","year":"2008","journal-title":"Remote Sens. Environ."},{"key":"ref_34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1416","DOI":"10.1016\/j.csr.2007.04.018","article-title":"Effects of an estuarine plume-associated bloom on the carbonate system in the lower reaches of the Pearl River estuary and the coastal zone of the northern South China Sea","volume":"28","author":"Dai","year":"2008","journal-title":"Cont. Shelf Res."},{"key":"ref_35","first-page":"137","article-title":"Algorithms for determining the absorption coefficient of aquatic particulates using the quantitative filter technique (QFT)","volume":"1302","author":"Mitchell","year":"1990","journal-title":"SPIE"},{"key":"ref_36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"207","DOI":"10.4319\/lo.1962.7.2.0207","article-title":"Measurement of Visible Light Absorption by Particulate Matter in the Ocean","volume":"7","author":"Yentsch","year":"1962","journal-title":"Limnol. Oceanogr."},{"key":"ref_37","first-page":"634","article-title":"Estimation of the spectral absorption coefficients of phytoplankton in the sea","volume":"37","author":"Kisino","year":"1985","journal-title":"Bull. Mar. Sci."},{"key":"ref_38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Babin, M., Stramski, D., Ferrari, G., Claustre, H., Bricaud, A., Obolensky, G., and Hoepffner, N. (2003). Variations in the light absorption coefficients of phytoplankton, nonalgal particles, and dissolved organic matter in coastal waters around Europe. J. Geophys. Res., 108.","DOI":"10.1029\/2001JC000882"},{"key":"ref_39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"31033","DOI":"10.1029\/98JC02712","article-title":"Variations of light absorption by suspended particles with chlorophyllaconcentration in oceanic (case 1) waters: Analysis and implications for bio-optical models","volume":"103","author":"Bricaud","year":"1998","journal-title":"J. Geophys. Res."},{"key":"ref_40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"562","DOI":"10.4319\/lo.1990.35.3.0562","article-title":"Spectral absorption coefficients of living phytoplankton and nonalgal biogenous matter: A comparison between the Peru upwelling area and the Sargasso Sea","volume":"35","author":"Bricaud","year":"1990","journal-title":"Limnol. Oceanogr."},{"key":"ref_41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"11","DOI":"10.4319\/lo.1998.43.7.1649","article-title":"Theoretical and experimental approaches to improve the accuracy of particulate absorption coefficients from the Quantitative Filter Technique","volume":"43","author":"Roesler","year":"1998","journal-title":"Limnol. Oceanogr."},{"key":"ref_42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"19939","DOI":"10.1029\/1999JC000308","article-title":"Phytoplankton pigment distribution in relation to upper thermocline circulation in the eastern Mediterranean Sea during winter","volume":"106","author":"Vidussi","year":"2001","journal-title":"J. Geophys. Res."},{"key":"ref_43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5294","DOI":"10.1364\/AO.45.005294","article-title":"Hyperspectral temperature and salt dependencies of absorption by water and heavy water in the 400\u2013750 nm spectral range","volume":"45","author":"Sullivan","year":"2006","journal-title":"Appl. Opt."},{"key":"ref_44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"44","DOI":"10.1117\/12.190095","article-title":"Scattering error correction of reflecting-tube absorption meters","volume":"2258","author":"Zaneveld","year":"1994","journal-title":"SPIE Ocean Opt. XII"},{"key":"ref_45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1206","DOI":"10.4319\/lo.1994.39.5.1206","article-title":"The Trophic Status of Various Oceanic Provinces as Revealed by Phytoplankton Pigment Signatures","volume":"39","author":"Claustre","year":"1994","journal-title":"Limnol. Oceanogr."},{"key":"ref_46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"79","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mio.2013.12.003","article-title":"Optical proxy for phytoplankton biomass in the absence of photophysiology: Rethinking the absorption line height","volume":"7","author":"Roesler","year":"2013","journal-title":"Methods in Oceanogr."},{"key":"ref_47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"13321","DOI":"10.1029\/95JC00463","article-title":"Variability in the chlorophyll-specific absorption coefficients of natural phytoplankton: Analysis and parameterization","volume":"100","author":"Bricaud","year":"1995","journal-title":"J. Geophys. Res."},{"key":"ref_48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2155","DOI":"10.1002\/jgrc.20115","article-title":"A model based on stacked-constraints approach for partitioning the light absorption coefficient of seawater into phytoplankton and non-phytoplankton components","volume":"118","author":"Zheng","year":"2013","journal-title":"J. Geophys. Res."},{"key":"ref_49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2601","DOI":"10.1002\/2014JC010604","article-title":"A model for partitioning the light absorption coefficient of natural waters into phytoplankton, nonalgal particulate, and colored dissolved organic components: A case study for the Chesapeake Bay","volume":"120","author":"Zheng","year":"2015","journal-title":"J. Geophys. Res."},{"key":"ref_50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"149","DOI":"10.1007\/s10750-006-2609-3","article-title":"Measurements of spectral optical properties and their relation to biogeochemical variables and processes in Crater Lake, Crater Lake National Park, OR","volume":"574","author":"Boss","year":"2007","journal-title":"Hydrobiology"},{"key":"ref_51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"52","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mio.2013.11.002","article-title":"The characteristics of particulate absorption, scattering and attenuation coefficients in the surface ocean; Contribution of the Tara Oceans expedition","volume":"7","author":"Boss","year":"2013","journal-title":"Methods Oceanogr."},{"key":"ref_52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"10467","DOI":"10.1364\/OE.22.010467","article-title":"Novel method for quantifying the cell size of marine phytoplankton based on optical measurements","volume":"22","author":"Lin","year":"2014","journal-title":"Opt. Express"},{"key":"ref_53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Lamont, T., Barlow, R., and Brewin, R. (2018). Variations in Remotely-Sensed Phytoplankton Size Structure of a Cyclonic Eddy in the Southwest Indian Ocean. Remote Sens., 10.","DOI":"10.3390\/rs10071143"},{"key":"ref_54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"286","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rse.2017.06.017","article-title":"Ocean color satellite determinations of phytoplankton size class in the Arabian Sea during the winter monsoon","volume":"198","author":"Sahay","year":"2017","journal-title":"Remote Sens. Environ."},{"key":"ref_55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"235","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rse.2014.11.008","article-title":"A model for estimating size-fractioned phytoplankton absorption coefficients in coastal and oceanic waters from satellite data","volume":"158","author":"Varunan","year":"2015","journal-title":"Remote Sens. Environ."},{"key":"ref_56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Hu, S., Zhou, W., Wang, G., Cao, W., Xu, Z., Liu, H., Wu, G., and Zhao, W. (2018). Comparison of Satellite-Derived Phytoplankton Size Classes Using In-Situ Measurements in the South China Sea. Remote Sens., 10.","DOI":"10.3390\/rs10040526"},{"key":"ref_57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4271","DOI":"10.5194\/bg-15-4271-2018","article-title":"Phytoplankton size class in the East China Sea derived from MODIS satellite data","volume":"15","author":"Zhang","year":"2018","journal-title":"Biogeoscience"},{"key":"ref_58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"970","DOI":"10.1007\/s00343-013-2330-9","article-title":"A bio-optical inversion model to retrieve absorption contributions and phytoplankton size structure from total minus water spectral absorption using genetic algorithm","volume":"31","author":"Lin","year":"2013","journal-title":"Chin. J. Ocean Limnol."},{"key":"ref_59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1792","DOI":"10.1016\/j.dsr2.2010.04.005","article-title":"Phytoplankton community at warm eddies in the northern South China Sea in winter 2003\/2004","volume":"57","author":"Huang","year":"2010","journal-title":"Deep Sea Res. II"},{"key":"ref_60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Waga, H., Hirawake, T., Fujiwara, A., Kikuchi, T., Nishino, S., Suzuki, K., Takao, S., and Saitoh, S.-I. (2017). Differences in Rate and Direction of Shifts between Phytoplankton Size Structure and Sea Surface Temperature. Remote Sens., 9.","DOI":"10.3390\/rs9030222"},{"key":"ref_61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"110","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mio.2014.02.002","article-title":"Decomposition of in situ particulate absorption spectra","volume":"7","author":"Chase","year":"2013","journal-title":"Methods Oceanogr."},{"key":"ref_62","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"11","DOI":"10.3354\/meps073011","article-title":"Effect of pigment composition on absorption properties of phytoplankton","volume":"73","author":"Hoepffner","year":"1991","journal-title":"Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser."},{"key":"ref_63","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Hoepffner, N., and Sathyendranath, S. (1993). Determination of the major groups of phytoplankton pigments from the absorption spectra of total particulate matter. J. Geophys. Res., 98.","DOI":"10.1029\/93JC01273"}],"container-title":["Remote Sensing"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2072-4292\/11\/9\/1054\/pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,11]],"date-time":"2025-10-11T12:49:08Z","timestamp":1760186948000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2072-4292\/11\/9\/1054"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2019,5,4]]},"references-count":63,"journal-issue":{"issue":"9","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,5]]}},"alternative-id":["rs11091054"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/rs11091054","relation":{},"ISSN":["2072-4292"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2072-4292","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2019,5,4]]}}}