{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,30]],"date-time":"2025-12-30T03:41:57Z","timestamp":1767066117203,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":54,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,5,7]],"date-time":"2019-05-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1557187200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"National Key Research and Development Program of China from MOST","award":["2017YFB0504000 and 2016YFB0501501"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2017YFB0504000 and 2016YFB0501501"]}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["41871084, 41401110 and 31400393"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["41871084, 41401110 and 31400393"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Zhejiang Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China","award":["LY19C030004"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["LY19C030004"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Remote Sensing"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Fire is an important driver of land cover change throughout the world, affecting processes such as deforestation, forest recovery and vegetation transition. Little attention has been given to the role of fire in shaping the temporal and spatial land cover changes among continents. This study has integrated two MODIS products (MCD64A1: Burned area and MCD12Q1: Land cover) over Africa and South America from 2001\u20132013 to explore the vegetation dynamics after fires. The results indicated that while Africa suffered from repeated fires, more than 50% of the total burned area in South America experienced only one fire. The vegetation dynamics of the high-density vegetated regions in the 10 years after a fire showed that the forest losses in the first year after a fire in Africa were slightly larger than that in South America (Africa: 17.2% vs. South America: 14.5% in the Northern Hemisphere). The continental comparison suggested that early successional forests in Africa recovered relatively fast (northern part: 10.2 years; southern part: 12.8 years) than in South America, which recovered (18.4 years) slowly in Northern Hemisphere or ever with no recovery in the Southern Hemisphere. No clear information of the recoveries of other vegetation types (i.e., shrub, grass and crop) in Africa or South America could be identified from the satellite data. In addition, we also analyzed the changes of high-density vegetation in non-burned regions in both continents. These findings highlighted the impact of the fire regime on the vegetation changes in Africa, which appear resilient to fire, but there were complex systems in South America related to fires.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/rs11091074","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,5,9]],"date-time":"2019-05-09T08:19:59Z","timestamp":1557389999000},"page":"1074","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["Contrasting Post-Fire Dynamics between Africa and South America based on MODIS Observations"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"11","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8779-543X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lei","family":"Zhou","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Geography and Environmental Sciences, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua 321004, China"},{"name":"Key Lab of Ecosystem Network Observation and Modeling, Institute of Geographical Sciences and Natural Resource Research, Beijing 100101, China"},{"name":"School of Earth &amp; Atmospheric Sciences, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA 30332, USA"}]},{"given":"Yuhang","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Earth &amp; Atmospheric Sciences, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA 30332, USA"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3418-1992","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yonggang","family":"Chi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Geography and Environmental Sciences, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua 321004, China"},{"name":"Key Lab of Ecosystem Network Observation and Modeling, Institute of Geographical Sciences and Natural Resource Research, Beijing 100101, China"},{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Vegetation and Environmental Change, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiangshan, Beijing 100093, China"}]},{"given":"Shaoqiang","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Lab of Ecosystem Network Observation and Modeling, Institute of Geographical Sciences and Natural Resource Research, Beijing 100101, China"}]},{"given":"Quan","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Agriculture, Shizuoka University, Shizuoka 422-8529, Japan"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,5,7]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"481","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1163886","article-title":"Fire in the Earth system","volume":"324","author":"Bowman","year":"2009","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"525","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469-8137.2004.01252.x","article-title":"The global distribution of ecosystems in a world without fire","volume":"165","author":"Bond","year":"2005","journal-title":"New Phytol."},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"153","DOI":"10.1111\/nph.14940","article-title":"On the relationship between fire regime and vegetation structure in the tropics","volume":"218","author":"Veenendaal","year":"2018","journal-title":"New Phytol."},{"key":"ref_4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"179","DOI":"10.1007\/s10584-015-1461-8","article-title":"A global assessment of the carbon cycle and temperature responses to major changes in future fire regime","volume":"133","author":"Landry","year":"2015","journal-title":"Clim. 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