{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,12]],"date-time":"2025-10-12T03:38:54Z","timestamp":1760240334376,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":31,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,5,12]],"date-time":"2019-05-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1557619200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100005908","name":"Bundesministerium f\u00fcr Ern\u00e4hrung und Landwirtschaft","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["FKZ 22013213, 22012214"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["FKZ 22013213, 22012214"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100005908","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Remote Sensing"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Within a research project investigating the applicability and performance of modified harvesting heads used during the debarking of coniferous tree species, the actual debarking percentage of processed logs needed to be evaluated. Therefore, a computer-based photo-optical measurement system (Stemsurf) designed to assess the debarking percentage recorded in the field was developed, tested under laboratory conditions, and applied in live field operations. In total, 1720 processed logs of coniferous species from modified harvesting heads were recorded and analyzed within Stemsurf. With a single log image as the input, the overall debarking percentage was calculated by further estimating the un-displayed part of the log surface by defining polygons representing the differently debarked areas of the log surface. To assess the precision and bias of the developed measurement system, 480 images were captured under laboratory conditions on an artificial log with defined surface polygons. Within the laboratory test, the standard deviation of average debarking percentages remained within a 4% variation. A positive bias of 6.7% was caused by distortion and perspective effects. This resulted in an average underestimation of 1.1% for the summer debarking percentages gathered from field operations. The software generally performed as anticipated through field and lab testing and offered a suitable alternative of assessing stem debarking percentage, a task that should increase in importance as more operations are targeting debarked products.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/rs11091133","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,5,13]],"date-time":"2019-05-13T05:35:39Z","timestamp":1557725739000},"page":"1133","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Development and Validation of a Photo-Based Measurement System to Calculate the Debarking Percentages of Processed Logs"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"11","author":[{"given":"Joachim B.","family":"Heppelmann","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Applied Science Weihenstephan-Triesdorf, Hans-Carl-von-Carlowitz-Platz 3, D-85354 Freising, Germany"},{"name":"Assistant Professorship of Forest Operations, Department of Ecology and Ecosystem Management, Technical University of Munich, Hans-Carl-von-Carlowitz-Platz 2, D-85354 Freising, Germany"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6799-0788","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Eric R.","family":"Labelle","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Assistant Professorship of Forest Operations, Department of Ecology and Ecosystem Management, Technical University of Munich, Hans-Carl-von-Carlowitz-Platz 2, D-85354 Freising, Germany"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9611-6272","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Thomas","family":"Seifert","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Scientes Mondium UG, Ruppertskirchen 5, D-85250 Altom\u00fcnster, Germany"},{"name":"Department of Forest and Wood Science, Stellenbosch University, Private Bag X1, 7602 Matieland, South Africa"}]},{"given":"Stefan","family":"Seifert","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Scientes Mondium UG, Ruppertskirchen 5, D-85250 Altom\u00fcnster, Germany"}]},{"given":"Stefan","family":"Wittkopf","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Applied Science Weihenstephan-Triesdorf, Hans-Carl-von-Carlowitz-Platz 3, D-85354 Freising, Germany"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,5,12]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"G04021","DOI":"10.1029\/2011JG001708","article-title":"Mapping forest canopy height globally with spaceborne lidar","volume":"116","author":"Simard","year":"2011","journal-title":"J. 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