{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,13]],"date-time":"2026-03-13T16:00:43Z","timestamp":1773417643750,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":44,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,5,23]],"date-time":"2019-05-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1558569600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Remote Sensing"],"abstract":"<jats:p>The enhanced spectral and spatial resolutions of the remote sensors have increased the need for highly performing preprocessing procedures. In this paper, a comprehensive approach, which simultaneously performs atmospheric and topographic corrections and includes second order corrections such as adjacency effects, was presented. The method, developed under the assumption of Lambertian surfaces, is physically based and uses MODTRAN 4 radiative transfer model. The use of MODTRAN 4 for the estimates of the radiative quantities was widely discussed in the paper and the impact on remote sensing applications was shown through a series of test cases.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/rs11101218","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,5,24]],"date-time":"2019-05-24T02:22:00Z","timestamp":1558664520000},"page":"1218","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":22,"title":["Physically Based Approach for Combined Atmospheric and Topographic Corrections"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"11","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9577-0005","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Federico","family":"Santini","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Italian National Research Council, piazzale Aldo Moro, 7 -00185 Roma, Italy"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1746-0057","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Angelo","family":"Palombo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Italian National Research Council, piazzale Aldo Moro, 7 -00185 Roma, Italy"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,5,23]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"709","DOI":"10.1080\/01431160600815525","article-title":"A method for the atmospheric correction of ENVISAT\/MERIS data over land targets","volume":"28","author":"Guanter","year":"2007","journal-title":"Int. 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