{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,18]],"date-time":"2026-05-18T09:53:25Z","timestamp":1779098005453,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":128,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,6,3]],"date-time":"2019-06-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1559520000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100013253","name":"Open Research Fund of Key Laboratory of Digital Earth Science","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2015LDE011"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2015LDE011"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100013253","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"National Nature Science Foundation of China","award":["41631176"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["41631176"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Remote Sensing"],"abstract":"<jats:p>The contextual-based multi-source time-series remote sensing and proposed Comprehensive Heritage Area Threats Index (CHATI) index are used to analyze the spatiotemporal land use\/land cover (LULC) and threats to the Mount Wutai World Heritage Area. The results show disturbances, such as forest coverage, vegetation conditions, mining area, and built-up area, in the research area changed dramatically. According to the CHATI, although different disturbances have positive or negative influences on environment, as an integrated system it kept stable from 1987 to 2018. Finally, this research uses linear regression and the F-test to mark the remarkable spatial-temporal variation. In consequence, the threats on Mount Wutai be addressed from the macro level and the micro level. Although there still have some drawbacks, the effectiveness of threat identification has been tested using field validation and the results are a reliable tool to raise the public awareness of WHA protection and governance.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/rs11111332","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,6,3]],"date-time":"2019-06-03T11:31:01Z","timestamp":1559561461000},"page":"1332","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":33,"title":["Monitoring Land Cover Change and Disturbance of the Mount Wutai World Cultural Landscape Heritage Protected Area, Based on Remote Sensing Time-Series Images from 1987 to 2018"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"11","author":[{"given":"Xuyu","family":"Bai","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Geography and Ocean Science, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China"},{"name":"Key Laboratory for Satellite Mapping Technology and Applications of Ministry of Natural Resources, and Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory for Geographic Information Technology, Nanjing 210023, China"},{"name":"Jiangsu Center for Collaborative Innovation in Geographical Information Resource Development and Application, School of Geography and Ocean Science, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Peijun","family":"Du","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Geography and Ocean Science, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China"},{"name":"Key Laboratory for Satellite Mapping Technology and Applications of Ministry of Natural Resources, and Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory for Geographic Information Technology, Nanjing 210023, China"},{"name":"Jiangsu Center for Collaborative Innovation in Geographical Information Resource Development and Application, School of Geography and Ocean Science, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0077-4810","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Shanchuan","family":"Guo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Geography and Ocean Science, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China"},{"name":"Key Laboratory for Satellite Mapping Technology and Applications of Ministry of Natural Resources, and Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory for Geographic Information Technology, Nanjing 210023, China"},{"name":"Jiangsu Center for Collaborative Innovation in Geographical Information Resource Development and Application, School of Geography and Ocean Science, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Peng","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Geography and Ocean Science, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China"},{"name":"Key Laboratory for Satellite Mapping Technology and Applications of Ministry of Natural Resources, and Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory for Geographic Information Technology, Nanjing 210023, China"},{"name":"Jiangsu Center for Collaborative Innovation in Geographical Information Resource Development and Application, School of Geography and Ocean Science, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Cong","family":"Lin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Geography and Ocean Science, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China"},{"name":"Key Laboratory for Satellite Mapping Technology and Applications of Ministry of Natural Resources, and Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory for Geographic Information Technology, Nanjing 210023, China"},{"name":"Jiangsu Center for Collaborative Innovation in Geographical Information Resource Development and Application, School of Geography and Ocean Science, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, 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