{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,16]],"date-time":"2026-05-16T09:13:24Z","timestamp":1778922804095,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":47,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,6,4]],"date-time":"2019-06-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1559606400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100014881","name":"Guangzhou University","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["69-18ZX10347"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["69-18ZX10347"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100014881","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Remote Sensing"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Sensible heat exchange has important consequences for urban meteorology and related applications. Directional radiometric surface temperatures of urban canopies observed by remote sensing platforms have the potential to inform estimations of urban sensible heat flux. An imaging radiometer viewing the surface from nadir cannot capture the complete urban surface temperature, which is defined as the mean surface temperature over all urban facets in three dimensions, which includes building wall surface temperatures and requires an estimation of urban sensible heat flux. In this study, a numerical microclimate model, Temperatures of Urban Facets in 3-D (TUF-3D), was used to model sensible heat flux as well as radiometric and complete surface temperatures. Model data were applied to parameterize an effective resistance for the calculation of urban sensible heat flux from the radiometric (nadir view) surface temperature. The results showed that sensible heat flux was overestimated during daytime when the radiometric surface temperature was used without the effective resistance that accounts for the impact of wall surface temperature on heat flux. Parameterization of this additional resistance enabled reasonably accurate estimates of urban sensible heat flux from the radiometric surface temperature.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/rs11111347","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,6,5]],"date-time":"2019-06-05T09:37:58Z","timestamp":1559727478000},"page":"1347","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["Parameterization of Urban Sensible Heat Flux from Remotely Sensed Surface Temperature: Effects of Surface Structure"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"11","author":[{"given":"Jinxin","family":"Yang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Geographical Sciences, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Massimo","family":"Menenti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Civil Engineering and Earth Sciences, Delft University of Technology, P.O. Box 5048, 2600 GA Delft, The Netherlands"},{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Remote Sensing Science, Institute of Remote Sensing and Digital Earth, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"E. Scott","family":"Krayenhoff","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Environmental Sciences, University of Guelph, 50 Stone Road East, Guelph, ON N1G 2W1, Canada"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Zhifeng","family":"Wu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Geographical Sciences, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1276-0352","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Qian","family":"Shi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Geography and Planning, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4454-4101","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Xiaoying","family":"Ouyang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Remote Sensing Science, Institute of Remote Sensing and Digital Earth, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,6,4]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"14","DOI":"10.2307\/44279767","article-title":"Evaluation of spatially-averaged fluxes of heat, mass and momentum in the urban boundary layer","volume":"9","author":"Oke","year":"1989","journal-title":"Weather Clim."},{"key":"ref_2","first-page":"626","article-title":"Reducing urban heat island effects: A systematic review to achieve energy consumption balance","volume":"5","author":"Shahmohamadi","year":"2010","journal-title":"Int. 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