{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,12]],"date-time":"2025-10-12T03:41:07Z","timestamp":1760240467686,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":62,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"13","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,6,28]],"date-time":"2019-06-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1561680000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100012166","name":"National Key Research and Development Program of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["No.2016YFB0502200"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["No.2016YFB0502200"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100012166","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["41271440"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["41271440"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Remote Sensing"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Current indoor mapping approaches can detect accurate geometric information but are incapable of detecting the room type or dismiss this issue. This work investigates the feasibility of inferring the room type by using grammars based on geometric maps. Specifically, we take the research buildings at universities as examples and create a constrained attribute grammar to represent the spatial distribution characteristics of different room types as well as the topological relations among them. Based on the grammar, we propose a bottom-up approach to construct a parse forest and to infer the room type. During this process, Bayesian inference method is used to calculate the initial probability of belonging an enclosed room to a certain type given its geometric properties (e.g., area, length, and width) that are extracted from the geometric map. The approach was tested on 15 maps with 408 rooms. In 84% of cases, room types were defined correctly. It, to a certain degree, proves that grammars can benefit semantic enrichment (in particular, room type tagging).<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/rs11131535","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,6,28]],"date-time":"2019-06-28T11:20:26Z","timestamp":1561720826000},"page":"1535","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Feasibility of Using Grammars to Infer Room Semantics"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"11","author":[{"given":"Xuke","family":"Hu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"GIScience Research Group, Institute of Geography, Heidelberg University, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany"}]},{"given":"Hongchao","family":"Fan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, 7491 Trondheim, Norway"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0503-6558","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Alexey","family":"Noskov","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"GIScience Research Group, Institute of Geography, Heidelberg University, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4916-9838","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Alexander","family":"Zipf","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"GIScience Research Group, Institute of Geography, Heidelberg University, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2219-5542","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Zhiyong","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Human Geography and Spatial Planning, Faculty of Geosciences, Utrecht University, 3584 Utrecht, The Netherlands"}]},{"given":"Jianga","family":"Shang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Geography and Information Engineering, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, China"},{"name":"National Engineering Research Center for Geographic Information System, Wuhan 430074, China"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,6,28]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Zhang, D., Xia, F., Yang, Z., Yao, L., and Zhao, W. 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