{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,28]],"date-time":"2026-04-28T15:36:50Z","timestamp":1777390610020,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":54,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"16","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,8,12]],"date-time":"2019-08-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1565568000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Spanish Ministry of Education, Culture and Sports (I + D + i 2013\u20132016)","award":["Predoctoral contract (FPU13\/05877)"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["Predoctoral contract (FPU13\/05877)"]}]},{"name":"Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness","award":["CGL2015-69906-R"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["CGL2015-69906-R"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Remote Sensing"],"abstract":"<jats:p>This paper presents a new methodological process for detecting the instantaneous land-water border at sub-pixel level from mid-resolution satellite images (30 m\/pixel) that are freely available worldwide. The new method is based on using an iterative procedure to compute Laplacian roots of a polynomial surface that represents the radiometric response of a set of pixels. The method uses a first approximation of the shoreline at pixel level (initial pixels) and selects a set of neighbouring pixels to be part of the analysis window. This adaptive window collects those stencils in which the maximum radiometric variations are found by using the information given by divided differences. Therefore, the land-water surface is computed by a piecewise interpolating polynomial that models the strong radiometric changes between both interfaces. The assessment is tested on two coastal areas to analyse how their inherent differences may affect the method. A total of 17 Landsat 7 and 8 images (L7 and L8) were used to extract the shorelines and compare them against other highly accurate lines that act as references. Accurate quantitative coastal data from the satellite images is obtained with a mean horizontal error of 4.38 \u00b1 5.66 m and 1.79 \u00b1 2.78 m, respectively, for L7 and L8. Prior methodologies to reach the sub-pixel shoreline are analysed and the results verify the solvency of the one proposed.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/rs11161880","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,8,12]],"date-time":"2019-08-12T06:38:02Z","timestamp":1565591882000},"page":"1880","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":19,"title":["A New Adaptive Image Interpolation Method to Define the Shoreline at Sub-Pixel Level"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"11","author":[{"given":"Elena","family":"S\u00e1nchez-Garc\u00eda","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Geo-Environmental Cartography and Remote Sensing Group, Department of Cartographic Engineering, Geodesy and Photogrammetry, Universitat Polit\u00e8cnica de Val\u00e8ncia., Cam\u00ed de Vera s\/n, 46022 Val\u00e8ncia, Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0039-2641","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"\u00c1ngel","family":"Balaguer-Beser","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Geo-Environmental Cartography and Remote Sensing Group, Department of Cartographic Engineering, Geodesy and Photogrammetry, Universitat Polit\u00e8cnica de Val\u00e8ncia., Cam\u00ed de Vera s\/n, 46022 Val\u00e8ncia, Spain"},{"name":"Department of Applied Mathematics, Universitat Polit\u00e8cnica de Val\u00e8ncia, Cam\u00ed de Vera s\/n, 46022 Val\u00e8ncia, Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jaime","family":"Almonacid-Caballer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Geo-Environmental Cartography and Remote Sensing Group, Department of Cartographic Engineering, Geodesy and Photogrammetry, Universitat Polit\u00e8cnica de Val\u00e8ncia., Cam\u00ed de Vera s\/n, 46022 Val\u00e8ncia, Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0471-9795","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Josep Eliseu","family":"Pardo-Pascual","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Geo-Environmental Cartography and Remote Sensing Group, Department of Cartographic Engineering, Geodesy and Photogrammetry, Universitat Polit\u00e8cnica de Val\u00e8ncia., Cam\u00ed de Vera s\/n, 46022 Val\u00e8ncia, Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,8,12]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","first-page":"14","article-title":"National Ocean Service Shoreline\u2014Past, Present, and Future","volume":"38","author":"Graham","year":"2003","journal-title":"J. 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