{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,11]],"date-time":"2026-04-11T13:13:01Z","timestamp":1775913181542,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":313,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"16","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,8,20]],"date-time":"2019-08-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1566259200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Remote Sensing"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Cold regions, including high-latitude and high-altitude landscapes, are experiencing profound environmental changes driven by global warming. With the advance of earth observation technology, remote sensing has become increasingly important for detecting, monitoring, and understanding environmental changes over vast and remote regions. This paper provides an overview of recent achievements, challenges, and opportunities for land remote sensing of cold regions by (a) summarizing the physical principles and methods in remote sensing of selected key variables related to ice, snow, permafrost, water bodies, and vegetation; (b) highlighting recent environmental nonstationarity occurring in the Arctic, Tibetan Plateau, and Antarctica as detected from satellite observations; (c) discussing the limits of available remote sensing data and approaches for regional monitoring; and (d) exploring new opportunities from next-generation satellite missions and emerging methods for accurate, timely, and multi-scale mapping of cold regions.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/rs11161952","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,8,21]],"date-time":"2019-08-21T11:19:06Z","timestamp":1566386346000},"page":"1952","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":63,"title":["Remote Sensing of Environmental Changes in Cold Regions: Methods, Achievements and Challenges"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"11","author":[{"given":"Jinyang","family":"Du","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Numerical Terradynamic Simulation Group, W.A. Franke College of Forestry and Conservation, The University of Montana, Missoula, MT 59812, USA"}]},{"given":"Jennifer","family":"Watts","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Woods Hole Research Center, Falmouth, MA 02540, USA"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9847-9034","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lingmei","family":"Jiang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Remote Sensing Science, Jointly Sponsored by Beijing Normal University and Institute of Remote Sensing and Digital Earth of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Faculty of Geographical Science, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1640-239X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hui","family":"Lu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Earth System Science, Tsinghua University, Beijing100084, China"}]},{"given":"Xiao","family":"Cheng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Geospatial Engineering and Science, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1044-5850","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Claude","family":"Duguay","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Geography &amp; Environmental Management, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON N2L 3G1, Canada"}]},{"given":"Mary","family":"Farina","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Woods Hole Research Center, Falmouth, MA 02540, USA"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1313-6313","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yubao","family":"Qiu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Aerospace Information Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China"},{"name":"Group on Earth Observations Cold Regions Initiative (GEO CRI), 7 bis, avenue de la Paix, Case postale 2300, CH-1211 Geneva, Switzerland"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0697-2575","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Youngwook","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Numerical Terradynamic Simulation Group, W.A. Franke College of Forestry and Conservation, The University of Montana, Missoula, MT 59812, USA"}]},{"given":"John","family":"Kimball","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Numerical Terradynamic Simulation Group, W.A. Franke College of Forestry and Conservation, The University of Montana, Missoula, MT 59812, USA"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0043-5226","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Paolo","family":"Tarolli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Land, Environment, Agriculture and Forestry, University of Padova, viale dell\u2019Universit\u00e0 16, 35020 Legnaro (PD), Italy"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,8,20]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"627","DOI":"10.1038\/ngeo2234","article-title":"Recent Arctic amplification and extreme mid-latitude weather","volume":"7","author":"Cohen","year":"2014","journal-title":"Nat. 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