{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,22]],"date-time":"2026-06-22T13:38:36Z","timestamp":1782135516956,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":43,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"17","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,9,1]],"date-time":"2019-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1567296000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["41406200"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["41406200"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"National key R&amp;D Program of China","award":["2017YFC1405600"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2017YFC1405600"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Remote Sensing"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Remote sensing has become a primary technology for monitoring raft aquaculture products. However, due to the complexity of the marine aquaculture environment, the boundaries of the raft aquaculture areas in remote sensing images are often blurred, which will result in \u2018adhesion\u2019 phenomenon in the raft aquaculture areas extraction. The fully convolutional network (FCN) based methods have made great progress in the field of remote sensing in recent years. In this paper, we proposed an FCN-based end-to-end raft aquaculture areas extraction model (which is called UPS-Net) to overcome the \u2018adhesion\u2019 phenomenon. The UPS-Net contains an improved U-Net and a PSE structure. The improved U-Net can simultaneously capture boundary and contextual information of raft aquaculture areas from remote sensing images. The PSE structure can adaptively fuse the boundary and contextual information to reduce the \u2018adhesion\u2019 phenomenon. We selected laver raft aquaculture areas in eastern Lianyungang in China as the research region to verify the effectiveness of our model. The experimental results show that compared with several state-of-the-art models, the proposed UPS-Net model performs better at extracting raft aquaculture areas and can significantly reduce the \u2018adhesion\u2019 phenomenon.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/rs11172053","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,9,2]],"date-time":"2019-09-02T03:16:12Z","timestamp":1567394172000},"page":"2053","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":79,"title":["Extracting Raft Aquaculture Areas from Remote Sensing Images via an Improved U-Net with a PSE Structure"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"11","author":[{"given":"Binge","family":"Cui","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Computer Science and Engineering, Shandong University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266590, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dong","family":"Fei","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Computer Science and Engineering, Shandong University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266590, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Guanghui","family":"Shao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Computer Science and Engineering, Shandong University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266590, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yan","family":"Lu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Computer Science and Engineering, Shandong University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266590, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jialan","family":"Chu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Marine Environmental Monitoring Center, Dalian 116023, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,9,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1317","DOI":"10.1038\/s41559-017-0257-9","article-title":"Mapping the global potential for marine aquaculture","volume":"1","author":"Gentry","year":"2017","journal-title":"Nat. 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