{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,12]],"date-time":"2026-02-12T10:55:53Z","timestamp":1770893753518,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":102,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"18","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,9,18]],"date-time":"2019-09-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1568764800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000781","name":"European Research Council","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["ERC-CoG 646858"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["ERC-CoG 646858"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000781","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100002923","name":"Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Cient\u00edficas y T\u00e9cnicas","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["PIP 2015-2017. nro11220150100426"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["PIP 2015-2017. nro11220150100426"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100002923","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Secretar\u00eda de Ciencia y T\u00e9cnica, Universidad de Buenos Aires","award":["UBACYT. 20020150100166BA 2015-2017"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["UBACYT. 20020150100166BA 2015-2017"]}]},{"name":"Agencia Nacional de Promoci\u00f3n Cient\u00edfica y Tecnol\u00f3gica Argentina","award":["PICT-2016-2252"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["PICT-2016-2252"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Remote Sensing"],"abstract":"<jats:p>New volcanic unrest has been detected in the Domuyo Volcanic Center (DVC), to the east of the Andes Southern Volcanic Zone in Argentina. To better understand this activity, we investigated new seismic monitoring data, gravimetric and magnetic campaign data, and interferometric synthetic aperture radar (InSAR) deformation maps, and we derived an image of the magma plumbing system and the likely source of the unrest episode. Seismic events recorded during 2017\u20132018 nucleate beneath the southwestern flank of the DVC. Ground deformation maps derived from InSAR processing of Sentinel-1 data exhibit an inflation area exceeding 300 km2, from 2014 to at least March 2018, which can be explained by an inflating sill model located 7 km deep. The Bouguer anomaly reveals a negative density contrast of ~35 km wavelength, which is spatially coincident with the InSAR pattern. Our 3D density modeling suggests a body approximately 4\u20136 km deep with a density contrast of \u2013550 kg\/m3. Therefore, the geophysical and geodetic data allow identification of the plumbing system that is subject to inflation at these shallow crustal depths. We compared the presence and dimensions of the inferred doming area to the drainage patterns of the area, which support long-established incremental uplift according to morphometric analysis. Future studies will allow us to investigate further whether the new unrest is hydrothermal or magmatic in origin.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/rs11182175","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,9,18]],"date-time":"2019-09-18T11:01:15Z","timestamp":1568804475000},"page":"2175","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":19,"title":["Unrest at Domuyo Volcano, Argentina, Detected by Geophysical and Geodetic Data and Morphometric Analysis"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"11","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6560-249X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ana","family":"Astort","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratorio de Geodin\u00e1mica, IDEAN, Universidad de Buenos Aires, CONICET, C1428EGA Buenos Aires, Argentina"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9925-4486","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Thomas R.","family":"Walter","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"GFZ German Research Centre for Geosciences, Telegrafenberg, 14473 Potsdam, Germany"}]},{"given":"Francisco","family":"Ruiz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Instituto Geof\u00edsico Sismol\u00f3gico Ing. Volponi, Universidad Nacional de San Juan, 5407 San Juan, Argentina"}]},{"given":"Luc\u00eda","family":"Sagripanti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratorio de Geodin\u00e1mica, IDEAN, Universidad de Buenos Aires, CONICET, C1428EGA Buenos Aires, Argentina"}]},{"given":"Andr\u00e9s","family":"Nacif","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Instituto Geof\u00edsico Sismol\u00f3gico Ing. Volponi, Universidad Nacional de San Juan, 5407 San Juan, Argentina"}]},{"given":"Gemma","family":"Acosta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Instituto Geof\u00edsico Sismol\u00f3gico Ing. Volponi, Universidad Nacional de San Juan, 5407 San Juan, Argentina"}]},{"given":"Andr\u00e9s","family":"Folguera","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratorio de Geodin\u00e1mica, IDEAN, Universidad de Buenos Aires, CONICET, C1428EGA Buenos Aires, Argentina"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,9,18]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"433","DOI":"10.1130\/G20220.1","article-title":"Rethinking the Emplacement and Evolution of Zoned Plutons: Geochronologic Evidence for Incremental Assembly of the Tuolumne Intrusive Suite, California","volume":"32","author":"Coleman","year":"2004","journal-title":"Geology"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"409","DOI":"10.1016\/j.epsl.2009.05.006","article-title":"From Plutons to Magma Chambers: Thermal Constraints on the Accumulation of Eruptible Silicic Magma in the Upper Crust","volume":"284","author":"Annen","year":"2009","journal-title":"Earth Planet. Sci. Lett."},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"926","DOI":"10.1002\/jgrb.50127","article-title":"The Effects of Magma Flux Variations on the Formation and Lifetime of Large Silicic Magma Chambers","volume":"118","author":"Annen","year":"2013","journal-title":"J. Geophys. Res. Solid Earth"},{"key":"ref_4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"20180019","DOI":"10.1098\/rsta.2018.0019","article-title":"Formation and dynamics of magma reservoirs","volume":"377","author":"Sparks","year":"2019","journal-title":"Philos. Trans. R. Soc. A Math. Phys. Eng. Sci."},{"key":"ref_5","unstructured":"Pederson, J., and Dehler, C.M. (2005). Sheet-like emplacement of satellite laccoliths, sills and bysmaliths of the Henry Mountains, southern Utah. Interior Western United States Field Guide 6, The Geological Society of America."},{"key":"ref_6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"11","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tecto.2009.10.016","article-title":"Physical Controls and Depth of Emplacement of Igneous Bodies: A Review","volume":"500","author":"Menand","year":"2011","journal-title":"Tectonophysics"},{"key":"ref_7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Edmonds, M., Cashman, K.V., Holness, M., and Jackson, M. (2019). Architecture and dynamics of magma reservoirs. Philos. Trans. R. Soc. A Math. Phys. Eng. Sci., 377.","DOI":"10.1098\/rsta.2018.0298"},{"key":"ref_8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jvolgeores.2007.08.002","article-title":"The volcanic\u2013plutonic connection as a stage for understanding crustal magmatism","volume":"167","author":"Bachmann","year":"2007","journal-title":"J. Volcanol. Geotherm. Res."},{"key":"ref_9","first-page":"5","article-title":"Ash-Flow Magmatism","volume":"180","author":"Smith","year":"1979","journal-title":"Geol. Soc. Am. Spec. Pap."},{"key":"ref_10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"363","DOI":"10.1007\/s00445-003-0277-y","article-title":"A Model for the Origin of Large Silicic Magma Chambers: Precursors of Caldera-Forming Eruptions","volume":"65","author":"Jellinek","year":"2003","journal-title":"Bull. Volcanol."},{"key":"ref_11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"954","DOI":"10.1130\/GES01578.1","article-title":"Synthesis: PLUTONS: Investigating the Relationship between Pluton Growth and Volcanism in the Central Andes","volume":"14","author":"Pritchard","year":"2018","journal-title":"Geosphere"},{"key":"ref_12","first-page":"671","article-title":"Arc magmatism, calderas, and supervolcanoes","volume":"36","year":"2008","journal-title":"Geology"},{"key":"ref_13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"337","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jvolgeores.2008.03.009","article-title":"Caldera-Scale Inflation of the Lazufre Volcanic Area, South America: Evidence from InSAR","volume":"174","author":"Ruch","year":"2008","journal-title":"J. Volcanol. Geotherm. Res."},{"key":"ref_14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"250","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1226358","article-title":"Sombrero uplift above the Altiplano-Puna magma body: Evidence of a ballooning mid-crustal diapir","volume":"338","author":"Fialko","year":"2012","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"ref_15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4","DOI":"10.1130\/GSATG216A.1","article-title":"Dynamics of a Large, Restless, Rhyolitic Magma System at Laguna Del Maule, Southern Andes, Chile","volume":"24","author":"Singer","year":"2014","journal-title":"GSA Today"},{"key":"ref_16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Pritchard, M.E., and Simons, M. (2004). An InSAR-Based Survey of Volcanic Deformation in the Central Andes. Geochem. Geophys. Geosystems, 5.","DOI":"10.1029\/2003GC000610"},{"key":"ref_17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"148","DOI":"10.1016\/j.epsl.2006.12.012","article-title":"Two Scales of Inflation at Lastarria-Cordon Del Azufre Volcanic Complex, Central Andes, Revealed from ASAR-ENVISAT Interferometric Data","volume":"255","author":"Froger","year":"2007","journal-title":"Earth Planet. Sci. Lett."},{"key":"ref_18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"71","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jvolgeores.2014.02.006","article-title":"The Domuyo Volcanic System: An Enormous Geothermal Resource in Argentine Patagonia","volume":"274","author":"Chiodini","year":"2014","journal-title":"J. Volcanol. Geotherm. Res."},{"key":"ref_19","unstructured":"(2019, September 16). VOGRIPA. SI_VNUM 357067. Available online: http:\/\/www.bgs.ac.uk\/vogripa\/searchVOGRIPA.cfc?method=detail&id=2209."},{"key":"ref_20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"76","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jsg.2018.06.002","article-title":"Structural Controls of the Domuyo Geothermal Field, Southern Andes (36\u00b038\u2032S), Argentina","volume":"114","author":"Galetto","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. Struct. Geol."},{"key":"ref_21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"45","DOI":"10.1130\/0016-7606(1984)95<45:TLSTAT>2.0.CO;2","article-title":"The Loma Seca Tuff and the Calabozos Caldera: A Major Ash-Flow and Caldera Complex in the Southern Andes of Central Chile","volume":"95","author":"Hildreth","year":"1984","journal-title":"Geol. Soc. Am. Bull."},{"key":"ref_22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"275","DOI":"10.4067\/S0716-02081999000200008","article-title":"The Puelche Volcanic Field: Extensive Pleistocene Rhyolite Lava Flows in the Andes of Central Chile","volume":"26","author":"Hildreth","year":"1999","journal-title":"Rev. Geol. Chile"},{"key":"ref_23","unstructured":"Hildreth, W. (2010). Laguna Del Maule Volcanic Field: Eruptive History of a Quaternary Basalt-to-Rhyolite Distributed Volcanic Field on the Andean Rangecrest in Central Chile, Servicio Nacional de Geolog\u00eda y Miner\u00eda-Chile."},{"key":"ref_24","unstructured":"Llamb\u00edas, E.J., Leanza, H.A., Galland, O., Arregui, C., Carbone, O., Danieli, J.C., and Vall\u00e9s, J.M. (2011). Agrupamiento Volc\u00e1nico Tromen-Tilhue. Geolog\u00eda y Recursos Naturales de la Provincia de Neuqu\u00e9n: XVIII Congreso Geol\u00f3gico Argentino, Asociaci\u00f3n Geol\u00f3gica Argentina."},{"key":"ref_25","first-page":"267","article-title":"Late Cenozoic Extension and the Evolution of the Neuqu\u00e9n Andes. Evol. an Andean Margin a Tecton. Magmat. View from Andes to Neuqu\u00e9n Basin (35\u00b0\u201339\u00b0S lat)","volume":"407","author":"Folguera","year":"2006","journal-title":"Geol. Soc. Am. Spec. Pap."},{"key":"ref_26","first-page":"36","article-title":"Payenia Volcanic Province, Southern Mendoza, Argentina: OIB Mantle Upwelling in a Backarc Environment","volume":"349","author":"Holm","year":"2013","journal-title":"Chem. Geol."},{"key":"ref_27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"317","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-246X.2012.05624.x","article-title":"Mantle Subducting Slab Structure in the Region of the 2010 M8.8 Maule Earthquake (30\u201340\u00b0S), Chile","volume":"191","author":"Pesicek","year":"2012","journal-title":"Geophys. J. Int."},{"key":"ref_28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"34","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jog.2013.09.001","article-title":"Structure and Development of the Andean System between 36\u00b0 and 39\u00b0S","volume":"73","author":"Folguera","year":"2014","journal-title":"J. Geodyn."},{"key":"ref_29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"812","DOI":"10.1093\/gji\/ggu145","article-title":"Three-Dimensional Electrical Conductivity in the Mantle beneath the Payun Matru Volcanic Field in the Andean Backarc of Argentina","volume":"198","author":"Burd","year":"2014","journal-title":"Geophys. J. Int."},{"key":"ref_30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"144","DOI":"10.1029\/2017TC004806","article-title":"Crustal and Mantle Structure Beneath the Southern Payenia Volcanic Province Using Gravity and Magnetic Data","volume":"38","author":"Astort","year":"2019","journal-title":"Tectonics"},{"key":"ref_31","first-page":"197","article-title":"Cerro Domo: Un volc\u00e1n Cuartario con posibilidades geotermicas. Provincia del Neuqu\u00e9n","volume":"Volume 4","author":"Brousse","year":"1982","journal-title":"Proceedings at the 5th Congreso Latinoamericano de Geolog\u00eda: Buenos Aires"},{"key":"ref_32","unstructured":"Japan International Cooperation Agency (JICA) (1983). Interim Report on the Northern Neuqu\u00e9n Geothermal Development Project, Argentine Republic, Japan International Cooperation Agency."},{"key":"ref_33","unstructured":"Miranda, F.J. (1996). Caracterizaci\u00f3n Petrogr\u00e1fica y Geoqu\u00edmica Del Cerro Domuyo. Pcia. de Neuqu\u00e9n, Argentina. [Bachelor\u2019s Thesis, Universidad de Buenos Aires]."},{"key":"ref_34","first-page":"287","article-title":"Upper Pliocene to Lower Pleistocene Volcanic Complexes and Upper Neogene Deformation in the South-Central Andes (36\u00b030\u2019\u201338\u00b0S)","volume":"407","author":"Miranda","year":"2006","journal-title":"Geol. Soc. Am. Spec. Pap."},{"key":"ref_35","first-page":"309","article-title":"The Domuyo Geothermal Area, Neuqu\u00e9n, Argentina","volume":"37","author":"Pesce","year":"2010","journal-title":"GRC Trans."},{"key":"ref_36","unstructured":"Llamb\u00edas, E.J., Palacios, M., Danderfer, J.C., and Brogioni, N. (1978). Las Rocas \u00cdgneas Cenozoicas Del Volc\u00e1n Domuyo y \u00c1reas Adyacentes, Provincia Del Neuqu\u00e9n. 7th Congreso Geol\u00f3gico Argentino, Asociaci\u00f3n Geol\u00f3gica Argentina."},{"key":"ref_37","unstructured":"Japan International Cooperation Agency (JICA) (1984). Final Report on the Northern Neuquen Geothermal Development Project, Argentine Republic, Japan International Cooperation Agency. Third Phase Survey, No 25."},{"key":"ref_38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"129","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tecto.2007.04.001","article-title":"Crustal Attenuation in the Southern Andean Retroarc (38\u00b0\u201339\u00b030\u2032S) Determined from Tectonic and Gravimetric Studies: The Lonco-Lu\u00e1n Asthenospheric Anomaly","volume":"439","author":"Folguera","year":"2007","journal-title":"Tectonophysics"},{"key":"ref_39","first-page":"283","article-title":"Evaluaci\u00f3n Geot\u00e9rmica Del Area Cerro Domuyo, Provincia Del Neuqu\u00e9n. Rep\u00fablica Argentina","volume":"5","author":"Pesce","year":"1987","journal-title":"Rev. Bras. Geof\u00edsica"},{"key":"ref_40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1310","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1219485","article-title":"Monitoring volcanoes","volume":"335","author":"Sparks","year":"2012","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"ref_41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"139","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jvolgeores.2015.10.020","article-title":"Volcano-Tectonic Earthquakes: A New Tool for Estimating Intrusive Volumes and Forecasting Eruptions","volume":"309","author":"White","year":"2016","journal-title":"J. Volcanol. Geotherm. Res."},{"key":"ref_42","unstructured":"Blondel, P. (2006). Volcano Deformation: Geodetic Monitoring Techniques, Spriger-Praxis Books in Geophysical Sciences."},{"key":"ref_43","unstructured":"Lockwood, J.P., and Harzlett, R.W. (2010). Volcanoes: Global Prespectives, John Wiley & Sons."},{"key":"ref_44","unstructured":"Havskov, J., and Ottemoller, L. (SEISAN: The Earthquake Software, 2001). SEISAN: The Earthquake Software."},{"key":"ref_45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"771","DOI":"10.1785\/BSSA0760030771","article-title":"HYPOCENTER: An Earthquake Location Method Using Centered, Scaled, and Adaptively Damped Least Squares","volume":"76","author":"Lienert","year":"1986","journal-title":"Bull. Seism. Soc. Am."},{"key":"ref_46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"26","DOI":"10.1785\/gssrl.66.5.26","article-title":"A Computer Program for Locating Earthquakes both Locally and Globally","volume":"66","author":"Lienert","year":"1995","journal-title":"Seismol. Res. Lett."},{"key":"ref_47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"211","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jsames.2017.12.007","article-title":"Intraplate Seismicity Recorded by a Local Network in the Neuqu\u00e9n Basin, Argentina","volume":"87","author":"Nacif","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. S. Am. Earth Sci."},{"key":"ref_48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Valade, S., Ley, A., Massimetti, F., D\u2019Hondt, O., Laiolo, M., Coppola, D., Loibl, D., and Walter, T.R. (2019). Towards Global Volcano Monitoring Using Multisensor Sentinel Missions and Artificial Intelligence: The MOUNTS Monitoring System. Remote Sens., 11.","DOI":"10.3390\/rs11131528"},{"key":"ref_49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"81","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jvolgeores.2014.10.010","article-title":"Volcanology: Lessons Learned from Synthetic Aperture Radar Imagery","volume":"289","author":"Pinel","year":"2014","journal-title":"J. Volcanol. Geotherm. Res."},{"key":"ref_50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"885","DOI":"10.1093\/gji\/ggt438","article-title":"Rapid uplift in Laguna del Maule volcanic field of the Andean Southern Volcanic zone (Chile) 2007\u20132012","volume":"196","author":"Feigl","year":"2013","journal-title":"Geophys. J. Int."},{"key":"ref_51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"480","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rse.2018.02.040","article-title":"Using satellite radar amplitude imaging for monitoring syn-eruptive changes in surface morphology at an ice-capped stratovolcano","volume":"209","author":"Arnold","year":"2018","journal-title":"Remote Sens. Environ."},{"key":"ref_52","first-page":"4035","article-title":"Radar Interferogram Filtering for Geophysical Applications","volume":"25","author":"Goldstein","year":"1998","journal-title":"Geophys. Res."},{"key":"ref_53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"401","DOI":"10.1364\/JOSAA.17.000401","article-title":"Network Approaches to Two-Dimensional Phase Unwrapping: Intractability and Two New Algorithms","volume":"17","author":"Chen","year":"2000","journal-title":"JOSA A"},{"key":"ref_54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"338","DOI":"10.1364\/JOSAA.18.000338","article-title":"Two-Dimensional Phase Unwrapping with Use of Statistical Models for Cost Functions in Nonlinear Optimization","volume":"18","author":"Chen","year":"2001","journal-title":"JOSA A"},{"key":"ref_55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1709","DOI":"10.1109\/TGRS.2002.802453","article-title":"Phase Unwrapping for Large SAR Interferograms: Statistical Segmentation and Generalized Network Models","volume":"40","author":"Chen","year":"2002","journal-title":"IEEE Trans. Geosci. Remote Sens."},{"key":"ref_56","unstructured":"Lundgren, P., Girona, T., Samsonov, S., Realmuto, V., and Liang, C. (2018, January 10\u201313). Under the radar: New Activity beneath the \u201cRoof of Patagonia\u201d Domuyo volcano, Argentina. Proceedings of the 19th General Assembly of WEGENER, Grenoble, France."},{"key":"ref_57","first-page":"545","article-title":"The Mw 7.1, Hector Mine, California earthquake: Surface rupture, surface displacement field, and fault slip solution from ERS SAR data","volume":"333","author":"Peltzer","year":"2001","journal-title":"Comptes Rendus L'acad\u00e9mie Sci. Ser. IIA-Earth Planet. Sci."},{"key":"ref_58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2117","DOI":"10.1029\/2000GL012850","article-title":"Measurement of interseismic strain accumulation across the North Anatolian Fault by satellite radar interferometry","volume":"28","author":"Wright","year":"2001","journal-title":"Geophys. Res. Lett."},{"key":"ref_59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Wright, T.J., Parsons, B.E., and Lu, Z. (2004). Toward mapping surface deformation in three dimensions using InSAR. Geophys. Res. Lett., 31.","DOI":"10.1029\/2003GL018827"},{"key":"ref_60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Fialko, Y. (2006). Interseismic strain accumulation and the earthquake potential on the southern San Andreas fault system. Nature, 441.","DOI":"10.1038\/nature04797"},{"key":"ref_61","unstructured":"Biggs, J. (2007). InSAR Observations of the Earthquake Cycle on the Denali Fault, Alaska. [Ph.D. Thesis, University of Oxford]."},{"key":"ref_62","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"14386","DOI":"10.3390\/rs71114386","article-title":"Detecting the source location of recent summit inflation via three-dimensional InSAR observation of K\u012blauea volcano","volume":"7","author":"Jo","year":"2015","journal-title":"Remote Sens."},{"key":"ref_63","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"23","DOI":"10.1016\/0377-0273(94)00038-I","article-title":"Inner Structure of the Krakatau Volcanic Complex (Indonesia) from Gravity and Bathymetry Data","volume":"64","author":"Deplus","year":"1995","journal-title":"J. Volcanol. Geotherm. Res."},{"key":"ref_64","first-page":"2219","article-title":"Spatiotemporal Gravity Changes at Miyakejima Volcano, Japan: Caldera Collapse, Explosive Eruptions and Magma Movement","volume":"108","author":"Furuya","year":"2003","journal-title":"J. Geophys. Res"},{"key":"ref_65","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"14","DOI":"10.1016\/j.epsl.2016.11.007","article-title":"3D Gravity Inversion and Thermodynamic Modelling Reveal Properties of Shallow Silicic Magma Reservoir beneath Laguna Del Maule, Chile","volume":"459","author":"Miller","year":"2017","journal-title":"Earth Planet. Sci. Lett."},{"key":"ref_66","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"179","DOI":"10.1016\/S0895-9811(97)00014-X","article-title":"Interpretation of gravity and geoid in the Central Andes between 20 degrees and 29 degrees S","volume":"10","author":"Gotze","year":"1997","journal-title":"J. S. Am. Earth Sci."},{"key":"ref_67","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2044","DOI":"10.1002\/grl.50493","article-title":"Diapiric ascent of silicic magma beneath the Bolivian Altiplano","volume":"40","author":"Potro","year":"2013","journal-title":"Geophys. Res. Lett."},{"key":"ref_68","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Blakely, R.J. (1996). Potential Theory in Gravity and Magnetic Applications, Cambridge University Press.","DOI":"10.1017\/CBO9780511549816"},{"key":"ref_69","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1170","DOI":"10.1190\/1.1443137","article-title":"Standardization in Gravity Reduction","volume":"56","author":"LaFehr","year":"1991","journal-title":"Geophysics"},{"key":"ref_70","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"362","DOI":"10.1190\/1.1439779","article-title":"The Gravitational Attraction of a Right Rectangular Prism","volume":"31","author":"Nagy","year":"1966","journal-title":"Geophysics"},{"key":"ref_71","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"441","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1006500408086","article-title":"Review of electric and magnetic fields accompanying seismic and volcanic activity","volume":"18","author":"Johnston","year":"1997","journal-title":"Surv. Geophys."},{"key":"ref_72","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"L13","DOI":"10.1190\/1.2184367","article-title":"Understanding 3D Analytic Signal Amplitude","volume":"71","author":"Li","year":"2006","journal-title":"Geophysics"},{"key":"ref_73","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"12","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jvolgeores.2016.03.012","article-title":"Internal Structure and Volcanic Hazard Potential of Mt Tongariro, New Zealand, from 3D Gravity and Magnetic Models","volume":"319","author":"Miller","year":"2016","journal-title":"J. Volcanol. Geotherm. Res."},{"key":"ref_74","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9544","DOI":"10.1002\/2016GL070271","article-title":"Subcircular Conduits and Dikes Offshore the Somma-Vesuvius Volcano Revealed by Magnetic and Seismic Data","volume":"43","author":"Paoletti","year":"2017","journal-title":"Geophys. Res. Lett."},{"key":"ref_75","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2194","DOI":"10.1029\/2018GC007585","article-title":"Inversion of Surface Deformation Data for Rapid Estimates of Source Parameters and Uncertainties: A Bayesian Approach","volume":"19","author":"Bagnardi","year":"2018","journal-title":"Geochem. Geophys. Geosyst."},{"key":"ref_76","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1135","DOI":"10.1785\/BSSA0750041135","article-title":"Surface deformation due to shear and tensile faults in a half-space","volume":"75","author":"Okada","year":"1985","journal-title":"Bull. Seismol. Soc. Am."},{"key":"ref_77","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4249","DOI":"10.1029\/JB093iB05p04249","article-title":"Deforlnation from Inflation of a Dipping Finite Prolate Spheroid in an Elastic Half-Space as a Model for Volcanic Stressing","volume":"93","author":"Yang","year":"1988","journal-title":"J. Geophys. Res. Solid Earth"},{"key":"ref_78","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"181","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-246X.2001.00452.x","article-title":"Deformation due to a pressurized horizontal circular crack in an elastic half-space, with applications to volcano geodesy","volume":"146","author":"Fialko","year":"2001","journal-title":"Geophys. J. Int."},{"key":"ref_79","first-page":"99","article-title":"Relations between the eruptions of various volcanoes and the deformations of the ground surfaces around them","volume":"36","author":"Mogi","year":"1958","journal-title":"Earthq. Res. Inst."},{"key":"ref_80","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"185","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02868166","article-title":"On the statistical estimation of the frequency response function of a system having multiple input","volume":"17","author":"Akaike","year":"1965","journal-title":"Ann. Inst. Stat. Math."},{"key":"ref_81","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Pepe, S., D\u2019Auria, L., Castaldo, R., Casu, F., De Luca, C., De Novellis, V., Sansosti, E., Solaro, G., and Tizzani, P. (2018). The Use of Massive Deformation Datasets for the Analysis of Spatial and Temporal Evolution of Mauna Loa Volcano (Hawai\u2019i). Remote Sens., 10.","DOI":"10.3390\/rs10060968"},{"key":"ref_82","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"637","DOI":"10.1093\/gji\/ggx330","article-title":"New insights on the 2012\u20132013 uplift episode at Fernandina Volcano (Galapagos)","volume":"211","author":"Pepe","year":"2017","journal-title":"Geophys. J. Int."},{"key":"ref_83","unstructured":"G\u00f6tze, H.J. (1984). \u00dcber Den Einsatz Interaktiver Computergraphik Im Rahmen 3-Dimensionaler Interpretationstechniken in Gravimetrie Und Magnetik. [Ph.D. Thesis, Technische Universit\u00e4t Clausthal]."},{"key":"ref_84","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"G\u00f6tze, H.J. (2014). Potential Methods and Geoinformation Systems. Handbook of Geomathematics, Springer.","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-642-27793-1_52-2"},{"key":"ref_85","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1096","DOI":"10.1190\/1.1442546","article-title":"Application of Three-dimensional Interactive Modeling in Gravity and Magnetics","volume":"53","author":"Lahmeyer","year":"1988","journal-title":"Geophysics"},{"key":"ref_86","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"289","DOI":"10.1016\/S0079-1946(98)00027-5","article-title":"Interactive Visualization and Modification of 3D-Models Using GIS-Functions","volume":"23","author":"Schmidt","year":"1998","journal-title":"Phys. Chem. Earth"},{"key":"ref_87","first-page":"12","article-title":"Geological Mapping Based on 3D Models Using an Interoperable GIS","volume":"13","author":"Breunig","year":"2000","journal-title":"GIS-Heidelberg"},{"key":"ref_88","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1046","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2478.2011.00999.x","article-title":"Hybrid Modelling of Gravity, Gravity Gradients and Magnetic Fields","volume":"59","author":"Schmidt","year":"2011","journal-title":"Geophys. Prospect."},{"key":"ref_89","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4","DOI":"10.3997\/1365-2397.32.4.74375","article-title":"A novel warped-space concept for interactive 3D-geometry-inversion to improve seismic imaging","volume":"32","author":"Alvers","year":"2014","journal-title":"First Break"},{"key":"ref_90","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"65","DOI":"10.3997\/1365-2397.33.4.79746","article-title":"Quo vadis inversi\u00f3n?","volume":"33","author":"Alvers","year":"2015","journal-title":"First Break"},{"key":"ref_91","first-page":"202","article-title":"Integrative Interpretation of Potential Field Data by 3D-Modeling and Visualization","volume":"43","author":"Schmidt","year":"2017","journal-title":"Oil Gas Eur. Mag."},{"key":"ref_92","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"515","DOI":"10.1130\/0091-7613(1999)027<0515:GCTDDO>2.3.CO;2","article-title":"Geomorphic Criteria to Determine Direction of Lateral Propagation of Reverse Faulting and Folding","volume":"27","author":"Keller","year":"1999","journal-title":"Geology"},{"key":"ref_93","first-page":"207","article-title":"Bedrock Fluvial Incision and Longitudinal Profile Development over Geologic Time Scales Determined by Fluvial Terraces","volume":"Volume 107","author":"Pazzaglia","year":"1998","journal-title":"Rivers Over Rock: Fluvial Processes in Bedrock Channels"},{"key":"ref_94","first-page":"55","article-title":"Tectonics from Topography: Procedures, Promise, and Pitfalls","volume":"398","author":"Wobus","year":"2006","journal-title":"Tecton. Clim. Landsc. Evol. Geol. Soc. Am. Spec. Pap."},{"key":"ref_95","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"54","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jsg.2012.07.009","article-title":"Expression of Active Tectonics in Erosional Landscapes","volume":"44","author":"Kirby","year":"2012","journal-title":"J. Struct. Geol."},{"key":"ref_96","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"58","DOI":"10.1016\/j.gloplacha.2011.05.005","article-title":"Interaction of Mantle Dynamics, Crustal Tectonics, and Surface Processes in the Topography of the Romanian Carpathians: A Geomorphological Approach","volume":"90\u201391","author":"Molin","year":"2012","journal-title":"Glob. Planet. Chang."},{"key":"ref_97","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"164","DOI":"10.1016\/j.geomorph.2014.12.022","article-title":"Neotectonic Reactivation of the Western Section of the Malarg\u00fce Fold and Thrust Belt (Tromen Volcanic Plateau, Southern Central Andes)","volume":"232","author":"Sagripanti","year":"2015","journal-title":"Geomorphology"},{"key":"ref_98","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"770","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envsoft.2009.12.002","article-title":"TopoToolbox: A Set of Matlab Functions for Topographic Analysis","volume":"25","author":"Schwanghart","year":"2010","journal-title":"Environ. Model. Softw."},{"key":"ref_99","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.5194\/esurf-2-1-2014","article-title":"Short Communication: TopoToolbox MATLAB Based Software for Topographic Analysis and Modeling in Earth Surface Sciences","volume":"2","author":"Schwanghart","year":"2014","journal-title":"Earth Surf. Dyn."},{"key":"ref_100","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Hooper, A., Zebker, H., Segall, P., and Kampes, B. (2004). A new method for measuring deformation on volcanoes and other natural terrains using InSAR persistent scatterers. Geophys. Res. Lett., 31.","DOI":"10.1029\/2004GL021737"},{"key":"ref_101","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"78","DOI":"10.1016\/j.isprsjprs.2015.10.011","article-title":"Persistent scatterer interferometry: A review","volume":"115","author":"Crosetto","year":"2016","journal-title":"ISPRS J. Photogramm. Remote Sens."},{"key":"ref_102","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"462","DOI":"10.1093\/gji\/ggu080","article-title":"Deflation and Inflation of a Large Magma Body beneath Uturuncu Volcano, Bolivia? Insights from InSAR Data, Surface Lineaments and Stress Modelling","volume":"198","author":"Walter","year":"2014","journal-title":"Geophys. J. Int."}],"container-title":["Remote Sensing"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2072-4292\/11\/18\/2175\/pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,11]],"date-time":"2025-10-11T13:21:34Z","timestamp":1760188894000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2072-4292\/11\/18\/2175"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2019,9,18]]},"references-count":102,"journal-issue":{"issue":"18","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,9]]}},"alternative-id":["rs11182175"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/rs11182175","relation":{},"ISSN":["2072-4292"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2072-4292","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2019,9,18]]}}}