{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,22]],"date-time":"2026-01-22T21:34:32Z","timestamp":1769117672682,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":45,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"19","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,9,28]],"date-time":"2019-09-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1569628800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000844","name":"European Space Agency","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["4000120689\/17\/NL\/IA"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["4000120689\/17\/NL\/IA"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000844","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Remote Sensing"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Multiwavelength radar observations have demonstrated great potential in improving microphysical retrievals of cloud properties especially in ice and snow precipitation systems. Advancements in spaceborne radar technology have already fostered the launch in 2014 of the first multiwavelength radar system in space, while several future spaceborne multiwavelength radar concepts are under consideration. However, due to antenna size limitations, the sampling volume of spaceborne radars is considerably larger than those achieved by surface- and airborne-based radars. Here, the impact of these large sampling volumes in the information content of the Dual-Wavelength Ratio estimates at Ka-W, Ku-Ka is investigated. High-resolution airborne multiwavelength radar observations during the Olympic Mountain Experiment (OLYMPEx) are used to perform retrievals of ice\/snow characteristic particle size, such as mass-weighted particle diameter. To mimic the different satellite sampling volumes, a moving average is applied to the airborne measurements. The radar-observed variables (reflectivity and dual-wavelength ratios) and retrieved microphysical properties at the coarser resolution are compared against those at the original resolution. Our analysis indicates that future Ka-W spaceborne radar missions should take into account the impact of the radar resolution volume on the retrieval of microphysical properties and avoid footprints larger than 2\u20133 km.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/rs11192263","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,9,30]],"date-time":"2019-09-30T05:58:33Z","timestamp":1569823113000},"page":"2263","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["The Impact of the Radar-Sampling Volume on Multiwavelength Spaceborne Radar Measurements Using Airborne Radar Observations"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"11","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6396-5518","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lukas","family":"Pfitzenmaier","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Geophysics and Meteorology, University of Cologne, DEA23 05315 Cologne, Germany"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9243-3484","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Alessandro","family":"Battaglia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Centre for Earth Observation, University of Leicester, Leicester LE1 7RH, UK"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5984-7869","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Pavlos","family":"Kollias","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Geophysics and Meteorology, University of Cologne, DEA23 05315 Cologne, Germany"},{"name":"School of Marine and Atmospheric Sciences, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY 11790, USA"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,9,28]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","first-page":"3493","article-title":"Performance assessment of a triple-frequency spaceborne cloud-precipitation radar concept using a global cloud-resolving model","volume":"8","author":"Leinonen","year":"2015","journal-title":"AMT"},{"key":"ref_2","unstructured":"Battaglia, A., Tanelli, S., Tridon, F., Kneifel, S., Leinonen, J., and Kollias, P. 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