{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,5]],"date-time":"2026-06-05T20:17:28Z","timestamp":1780690648280,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":94,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"20","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,10,21]],"date-time":"2019-10-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1571616000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000844","name":"European Space Agency","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["4000120879\/17\/NL\/PS"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["4000120879\/17\/NL\/PS"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000844","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000781","name":"European Research Council","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["715386"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["715386"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000781","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001659","name":"Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["417276871"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["417276871"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001659","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"SCOR","award":["WG153"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["WG153"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Remote Sensing"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Sustained observations are required to determine the marine plastic debris mass balance and to support effective policy for planning remedial action. However, observations currently remain scarce at the global scale. A satellite remote sensing system could make a substantial contribution to tackling this problem. Here, we make initial steps towards the potential design of such a remote sensing system by: (1) identifying the properties of marine plastic debris amenable to remote sensing methods and (2) highlighting the oceanic processes relevant to scientific questions about marine plastic debris. Remote sensing approaches are reviewed and matched to the optical properties of marine plastic debris and the relevant spatio-temporal scales of observation to identify challenges and opportunities in the field. Finally, steps needed to develop marine plastic debris detection by remote sensing platforms are proposed in terms of fundamental science as well as linkages to ongoing planning for satellite systems with similar observation requirements.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/rs11202443","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,10,21]],"date-time":"2019-10-21T11:37:55Z","timestamp":1571657875000},"page":"2443","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":153,"title":["Measuring Marine Plastic Debris from Space: Initial Assessment of Observation Requirements"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"11","author":[{"given":"V\u00edctor","family":"Mart\u00ednez-Vicente","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Plymouth Marine Laboratory, Prospect Place, Plymouth PL1 3DH, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"James R.","family":"Clark","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Plymouth Marine Laboratory, Prospect Place, Plymouth PL1 3DH, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Paolo","family":"Corradi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"European Space Agency\u2014ESTEC, Keplerlaan 1, Postbus 299, 2200 AG Noordwijk, The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Stefano","family":"Aliani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"ISMAR-CNR, Forte Santa Teresa, Pozzuolo di Lerici, 19032 La Spezia, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Manuel","family":"Arias","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"ARGANS Ltd., Chamberlain House, 1 Research Way, Plymouth PL6 8BU, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mathias","family":"Bochow","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Section 1.4 Remote Sensing and Geoinformatics, Helmholtz Centre Potsdam\u2014GFZ German Research Centre for Geosciences, Telegrafenberg, 14473 Potsdam, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Guillaume","family":"Bonnery","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Airbus Defence and Space\u2014Space Systems 31, rue des Cosmonautes Z.I. du Palays, 31402 Toulouse, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Matthew","family":"Cole","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Plymouth Marine Laboratory, Prospect Place, Plymouth PL1 3DH, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andr\u00e9s","family":"C\u00f3zar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Dpto. 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