{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,12]],"date-time":"2026-02-12T15:37:47Z","timestamp":1770910667966,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":32,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"21","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,10,24]],"date-time":"2019-10-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1571875200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100012226","name":"Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2018B52814"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2018B52814"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100012226","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100012226","name":"Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2016B11614"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2016B11614"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100012226","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["41776183"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["41776183"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Remote Sensing"],"abstract":"<jats:p>The seasonal warming over the southwestern Yellow Sea (YS) in the spring is of vital importance to the local ecologic environment, especially to the massive green algae blooms of the YS in late spring and early summer. Based on daily optimum interpolation sea surface temperature (SST) data consisting of satellite derived SST from Advanced Very High Resolution Radiometer (AVHRR) and in situ measurements, this study analyzed the spring SST variation over the southwestern YS (SWYS) from 1982 to 2018. The results show that the recent warming trend of spring SST over the SWYS is four-to-six times that of the global average, and as a result, sea water over the Subei Shoal (SBS) shifts about 10\u201313 days earlier to reach 10 \u00b0C in early April. This implies that, accordingly, the micro-propagules of green algae over the SBS may have the chance to germinate earlier. SST variability in early April significantly correlates with northerly wind and exhibits a general warming over the SWYS with an intensified warming anchored along the axis of the submarine canyon off the Yangtze estuary. The Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) red\u2013green\u2013blue composite images captured the intrusion of the Taiwan Warm Current (TWC) into the SWYS through the submarine canyon during northerly wind relaxation in early April. Ocean remote sensing provides important clues for understanding the regional SST variability in the SWYS. Following this clue, this study finds that the weakening of winter monsoon in the spring leads to northward migration of the TWC and results in enhanced spring warming over the SWYS. The attendant advanced warming in spring, resulting in a favorable temperature condition for early development of green alga, may have contributed to the green tide blooms in the Yellow Sea in the recent decade.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/rs11212478","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,10,25]],"date-time":"2019-10-25T04:41:27Z","timestamp":1571978487000},"page":"2478","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Remotely-Observed Early Spring Warming in the Southwestern Yellow Sea Due to Weakened Winter Monsoon"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"11","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0392-6816","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Xiangbai","family":"Wu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Oceanography, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, China"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0214-744X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Qing","family":"Xu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Oceanography, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, China"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5466-4991","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Gen","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Oceanography, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, China"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8100-5529","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yuei-An","family":"Liou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Space and Remote Sensing Research, National Central University, Taoyuan City 32001, Taiwan"}]},{"given":"Bin","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Oceanography, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, China"}]},{"given":"Huan","family":"Mei","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Naval Architecture and Ocean Engineering, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang 212003, China"}]},{"given":"Kai","family":"Tong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Troops 91001, People\u2019s Liberation Army, Beijing 100161, China"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,10,24]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","first-page":"C05017","article-title":"On the recurrent Ulva prolifera blooms in the Yellow Sea and East China Sea","volume":"115","author":"Hu","year":"2010","journal-title":"J. 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