{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,13]],"date-time":"2026-05-13T22:29:25Z","timestamp":1778711365451,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":59,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"23","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,12,3]],"date-time":"2019-12-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1575331200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Remote Sensing"],"abstract":"<jats:p>On 3 July 2019 a rapid sequence of paroxysmal explosions at the summit craters of Stromboli (Aeolian-Islands, Italy) occurred, followed by a period of intense Strombolian and effusive activity in July, and continuing until the end of August 2019. We present a joint analysis of multi-sensor infrared satellite imagery to investigate this eruption episode. Data from the Spinning-Enhanced-Visible-and-InfraRed-Imager (SEVIRI) was used in combination with those from the Multispectral-Instrument (MSI), the Operational-Land-Imager (OLI), the Advanced-Very High-Resolution-Radiometer (AVHRR), and the Visible-Infrared-Imaging-Radiometer-Suite (VIIRS). The analysis of infrared SEVIRI-data allowed us to detect eruption onset and to investigate short-term variations of thermal volcanic activity, providing information in agreement with that inferred by nighttime-AVHRR-observations. By using Sentinel-2-MSI and Landsat-8-OLI imagery, we better localized the active lava-flows. The latter were quantitatively characterized using infrared VIIRS-data, estimating an erupted lava volume of     6.33 \u00d7   10  6  \u00b1 3.17 \u00d7   10  6      m3 and a mean output rate of 1.26 \u00b1 0.63 m3\/s for the July\/August 2019 eruption period. The estimated mean-output-rate was higher than the ones in the 2002\u20132003 and 2014 Stromboli effusive eruptions, but was lower than in the 2007-eruption. These results confirmed that a multi-sensor-approach might provide a relevant contribution to investigate, monitor and characterize thermal volcanic activity in high-risk areas.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/rs11232879","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,12,4]],"date-time":"2019-12-04T04:30:35Z","timestamp":1575433835000},"page":"2879","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":38,"title":["The July\/August 2019 Lava Flows at the Sciara del Fuoco, Stromboli\u2013Analysis from Multi-Sensor Infrared Satellite Imagery"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"11","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5793-052X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Simon","family":"Plank","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"German Aerospace Center (DLR), German Remote Sensing Data Center (DFD), Muenchener Str. 20, 82234 Oberpfaffenhofen, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7590-5638","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Francesco","family":"Marchese","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Research Council of Italy (CNR), Institute of Methodologies for Environmental Analysis (IMAA), 85050 Tito Scalo, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4013-3601","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Carolina","family":"Filizzola","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Research Council of Italy (CNR), Institute of Methodologies for Environmental Analysis (IMAA), 85050 Tito Scalo, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7619-6685","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nicola","family":"Pergola","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Research Council of Italy (CNR), Institute of Methodologies for Environmental Analysis (IMAA), 85050 Tito Scalo, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5890-3398","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Marco","family":"Neri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia, Sezione di Catania, Osservatorio Etneo, Piazza Roma 2, 95125 Catania, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Michael","family":"Nolde","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"German Aerospace Center (DLR), German Remote Sensing Data Center (DFD), Muenchener Str. 20, 82234 Oberpfaffenhofen, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sandro","family":"Martinis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"German Aerospace Center (DLR), German Remote Sensing Data Center (DFD), Muenchener Str. 20, 82234 Oberpfaffenhofen, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,12,3]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1229","DOI":"10.1007\/s00445-011-0470-3","article-title":"Paroxysmal activity at Stromboli: Lessons from the past","volume":"73","author":"Bertagnini","year":"2011","journal-title":"Bull. 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