{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,31]],"date-time":"2025-10-31T13:38:17Z","timestamp":1761917897775,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":50,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,1,20]],"date-time":"2020-01-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1579478400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001381","name":"National Research Foundation Singapore","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["No.NRF2015VSG-AA3DCM001-024"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["No.NRF2015VSG-AA3DCM001-024"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001381","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Remote Sensing"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Many of today\u2019s data models for 3D applications, such as City Geography Markup Language (CityGML) or Industry Foundation Classes (IFC) encode rich semantic information in addition to the traditional geometry and materials representation. However, 3D editing techniques fall short of maintaining the semantic information across edit operations if they are not tailored to a specific data model. While semantic information is often lost during edit operations, geometry, UV mappings, and materials are usually maintained. This article presents a data model synchronization method that preserves semantic information across editing operation relying only on geometry, UV mappings, and materials. This enables easy integration of existing and future 3D editing techniques with rich data models. The method links the original data model to the edited geometry using point set registration, recovering the existing information based on spatial and UV search methods, and automatically labels the newly created geometry. An implementation of a Level of Detail 3 (LoD3) building editor for the Virtual Singapore project, based on interactive push-pull and procedural generation of fa\u00e7ades, verified the method with 30 common editing tasks. The implementation synchronized changes in the 3D geometry with a CityGML data model and was applied to more than 100 test buildings.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/rs12020335","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,1,21]],"date-time":"2020-01-21T03:04:43Z","timestamp":1579575883000},"page":"335","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Maintaining Semantic Information across Generic 3D Model Editing Operations"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"12","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4911-9972","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sidan","family":"Yao","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"ETH Zurich, Future Cities Laboratory, Singapore-ETH Centre, Singapore 138602, Singapore"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5890-0691","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Xiao","family":"Ling","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"ETH Zurich, Future Cities Laboratory, Singapore-ETH Centre, Singapore 138602, Singapore"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Fiona","family":"Nueesch","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"ETH Zurich, Future Cities Laboratory, Singapore-ETH Centre, Singapore 138602, Singapore"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Gerhard","family":"Schrotter","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Geomatics Engineering (GeoZ) City of Zurich, 8022 Zurich, Switzerland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Simon","family":"Schubiger","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Esri R&amp;D Center Zurich, 8005 Zurich, Switzerland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Zheng","family":"Fang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Nanyang Technological University, School of Computer Science and Engineering, Singapore 639798, Singapore"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Long","family":"Ma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Nanyang Technological University, School of Computer Science and Engineering, Singapore 639798, Singapore"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Zhen","family":"Tian","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Computer Science &amp; Engineering, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,1,20]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Hagedorn, B., and D\u00f6llner, J. 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