{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,14]],"date-time":"2026-03-14T05:17:03Z","timestamp":1773465423663,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":83,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,2,10]],"date-time":"2020-02-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1581292800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["41904013"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["41904013"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["41601087"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["41601087"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Remote Sensing"],"abstract":"<jats:p>As an important energy absorption process in the Earth\u2019s surface energy balance, evapotranspiration (ET) from vegetation and bare soil plays an important role in regulating the environmental temperatures. However, little research has been done to explore the cooling effect of ET on the urban heat island (UHI) due to the lack of appropriate remote-sensing-based estimation models for complex urban surface. Here, we apply the modified remote sensing Penman\u2013Monteith (RS-PM) model (also known as the urban RS-PM model), which has provided a new regional ET estimation method with the better accuracy for the urban complex underlying surface. Focusing on the city of Xuzhou in China, ET and land surface temperature (LST) were inversed by using 10 Landsat 8 images during 2014\u20132018. The impact of ET on LST was then analyzed and quantified through statistical and spatial analyses. The results indicate that: (1) The alleviating effect of ET on the UHI was stronger during the warmest months of the year (May\u2013October) but not during the colder months (November\u2013March); (2) ET had the most significant alleviating effect on the UHI effect in those regions with the highest ET intensities; and (3) in regions with high ET intensities and their surrounding areas (within a radius of 150 m), variation in ET was a key factor for UHI regulation; a 10 W\u00b7m\u22122 increase in ET equated to 0.56 K decrease in LST. These findings provide a new perspective for the improvement of urban thermal comfort, which can be applied to urban management, planning, and natural design.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/rs12030578","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,2,11]],"date-time":"2020-02-11T09:25:21Z","timestamp":1581413121000},"page":"578","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":26,"title":["Simulating the Impact of Urban Surface Evapotranspiration on the Urban Heat Island Effect Using the Modified RS-PM Model: A Case Study of Xuzhou, China"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"12","author":[{"given":"Yuchen","family":"Wang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Land Resource Management, School of Geography, Geomatics and Planning, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou 221116, China"},{"name":"Department of Land Resource Management, School of Environmental Science and Spatial Informatics, China University of Mining and Technology, Xuzhou 221116, China"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3613-8613","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yu","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Land Resource Management, School of Geography, Geomatics and Planning, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou 221116, China"}]},{"given":"Nan","family":"Ding","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Land Resource Management, School of Geography, Geomatics and Planning, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou 221116, China"}]},{"given":"Kai","family":"Qin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Land Resource Management, School of Environmental Science and Spatial Informatics, China University of Mining and Technology, Xuzhou 221116, China"}]},{"given":"Xiaoyan","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Land Resource Management, School of Geography, Geomatics and Planning, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou 221116, China"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,2,10]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"99","DOI":"10.1016\/S0378-7788(96)00999-1","article-title":"Urban climates and heat islands: Albedo, evapotranspiration, and anthropogenic heat","volume":"25","author":"Taha","year":"1997","journal-title":"Energy Build."},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"567","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2019.05.344","article-title":"Assessment of urban environmental change using multi-source remote sensing time series (2000\u20132016): A comparative analysis in selected megacities in Eurasia","volume":"684","author":"Lu","year":"2019","journal-title":"Sci. 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