{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,28]],"date-time":"2026-02-28T08:54:16Z","timestamp":1772268856882,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":29,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,2,10]],"date-time":"2020-02-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1581292800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["41930102, 41871313, 41671389"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["41930102, 41871313, 41671389"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Remote Sensing"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Gullies of different scales and types have developed in the Loess Plateau, China. Differences in the amount of gully erosion influence the development, evolution, morphology, and spatial distribution of these gullies. The strengths of headward erosion on the gully shoulder line are used to dictate soil and water conservation measures. In this study, six typical loess landforms in the Loess Plateau were selected as sampling sites: Shenmu, Suide, Ganquan, Yanchuan, Yijun, and Chunhua, which respectively represent loess\u2013aeolian and dune transition zones, loess hills, loess ridge hills, loess ridges, loess long-ridge fragmented tablelands, and loess tablelands. Using 5 m resolution digital elevation model data from the National Basic Geographic Information Database, a small representative watershed was selected from each sampling site to obtain elevation data on the terrain profiles of gully shoulder lines. Multifractal detrended fluctuation analysis (MF-DFA) was used to conduct statistical and comparative analysis of the elevation fluctuation characteristics of these profiles. The results show that MF-DFA is capable of detecting active gully erosion sites. Sites of active gully erosion are concentrated in Shenmu and Suide but more widely distributed in the other five sites. The results provide a scientific basis for small watershed management planning and the design of soil and water conservation measures.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/rs12030589","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,2,11]],"date-time":"2020-02-11T09:25:21Z","timestamp":1581413121000},"page":"589","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":15,"title":["Identification of Active Gully Erosion Sites in the Loess Plateau of China Using MF-DFA"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"12","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0182-2076","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jianjun","family":"Cao","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Environmental Science, Nanjing Xiaozhuang University, Nanjing 211171, China"},{"name":"School of Geography Science, Key Laboratory of Virtual Geographic Environment of Ministry of Education, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, China"},{"name":"Department of Geodesy and Geoinformation, Vienna University of Technology, 1040 Vienna, Austria"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Guoan","family":"Tang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Geography Science, Key Laboratory of Virtual Geographic Environment of Ministry of Education, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Xuan","family":"Fang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Environmental Science, Nanjing Xiaozhuang University, Nanjing 211171, China"},{"name":"School of Geography Science, Key Laboratory of Virtual Geographic Environment of Ministry of Education, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yongjuan","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Environmental Science, Nanjing Xiaozhuang University, Nanjing 211171, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ying","family":"Zhu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Environmental Science, Nanjing Xiaozhuang University, Nanjing 211171, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jinlian","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Environmental Science, Nanjing Xiaozhuang University, Nanjing 211171, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7704-6857","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Wolfgang","family":"Wagner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Geodesy and Geoinformation, Vienna University of Technology, 1040 Vienna, Austria"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,2,10]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"131","DOI":"10.1016\/S0341-8162(03)00061-4","article-title":"Modelling gully erosion for a small catchment on the Chinese Loess Plateau","volume":"54","author":"Hessel","year":"2003","journal-title":"Catena"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"117","DOI":"10.1016\/S0341-8162(03)00060-2","article-title":"Modelling water flow and sediment processes in a small gully system on the Loess Plateau in China","volume":"54","author":"Stolte","year":"2003","journal-title":"Catena"},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"132","DOI":"10.1016\/j.catena.2005.06.001","article-title":"Gully erosion: Impacts, factors and control","volume":"63","author":"Valentin","year":"2005","journal-title":"Catena"},{"key":"ref_4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"462","DOI":"10.1016\/j.geomorph.2014.10.005","article-title":"Assessment of bank gully development and vegetation coverage on the Chinese Loess Plateau","volume":"228","author":"Li","year":"2015","journal-title":"Geomorphology"},{"key":"ref_5","first-page":"340","article-title":"A study on gully erosion on the Loess Plateau","volume":"6","author":"Jing","year":"1986","journal-title":"Sci. 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