{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,27]],"date-time":"2026-06-27T05:19:14Z","timestamp":1782537554184,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":24,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,2,25]],"date-time":"2020-02-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1582588800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["11803065,11673050, 41771475"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["11803065,11673050, 41771475"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"National Key R&amp;D Program of China","award":["2018YFB0504300"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2018YFB0504300"]}]},{"name":"the Key R&amp;D Program of Guangdong province","award":["2018B030325001"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2018B030325001"]}]},{"name":"the Key Program of Special Development funds of Zhangjiang National Innovation Demonstration Zone","award":["ZJ2018-ZD-009"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["ZJ2018-ZD-009"]}]},{"name":"the Opening Project of Shanghai Key Laboratory of Space Navigation and Positioning Techniques","award":["KFKT_201918"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["KFKT_201918"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Remote Sensing"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Common mode error (CME) in Chuandian region of China is derived from 6-year continuous GPS time series and is identified by principal component analysis (PCA) method. It is revealed that the temporal behavior of the CME is not purely random, and contains unmodeled signals such as nonseasonal mass loadings. Its spatial distribution is quite uniform for all GPS sites in the region, and the first principal component, uniformly distributed in the region, has a spatial response of more than 70%. To further explore the potential contributors of CME, daily atmospheric mass loading and soil moisture mass loading effects are evaluated. Our results show that ~15% of CME can be explained by these daily surface mass loadings. The power spectral analysis is used to assess the CME. After removing atmospheric and soil moisture loadings from the CME, the power of the CME reduces in a wide range of frequencies. We also investigate the contribution of CME in GPS filtered residuals time series and it shows the Root Mean Squares (RMSs) of GPS time series are reduced by applying of the mass loading corrections in CME. These comparison results demonstrate that daily atmosphere pressure and the soil moisture mass loadings are a part of contributors to the CME in Chuandian region of China.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/rs12050751","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,2,26]],"date-time":"2020-02-26T04:18:29Z","timestamp":1582690709000},"page":"751","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":11,"title":["Analysis of the Potential Contributors to Common Mode Error in Chuandian Region of China"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"12","author":[{"given":"Weijie","family":"Tan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Shanghai Astronomical Observatory, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200030, China"},{"name":"Shanghai Key Laboratory of Space Navigation and Positioning Techniques, Shanghai 200030, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2899-7677","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Junping","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Shanghai Astronomical Observatory, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200030, China"},{"name":"Shanghai Key Laboratory of Space Navigation and Positioning Techniques, Shanghai 200030, China"},{"name":"School of Astronomy and Space Science, University of Chinses Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Danan","family":"Dong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Shanghai Astronomical Observatory, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200030, China"},{"name":"Engineering Center of SHMEC for Space Information and GNSS, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200242, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Weijing","family":"Qu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Shanghai Astronomical Observatory, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200030, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xueqing","family":"Xu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Shanghai Astronomical Observatory, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200030, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,2,25]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"574","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1063647","article-title":"Present day crustal deformation in China constrained by Global Positioning System (GPS) measurements","volume":"294","author":"Wang","year":"2001","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"ETG 9-1","DOI":"10.1029\/2001JB000573","article-title":"Anatomy of apparent seasonal variations from GPS-derived site position time series","volume":"107","author":"Dong","year":"2002","journal-title":"J. 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