{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,25]],"date-time":"2026-07-25T02:07:23Z","timestamp":1784945243861,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":78,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,4,18]],"date-time":"2020-04-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1587168000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100010661","name":"Horizon 2020 Framework Programme","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["776342"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["776342"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100010661","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Remote Sensing"],"abstract":"<jats:p>The present study assesses the performance of state-of-the-art atmospheric correction (AC) algorithms applied to Sentinel-2-MultiSpectral Instrument (S2-MSI) and Sentinel-3-Ocean and Land Color Instrument (S3-OLCI) data recorded over moderately to highly turbid estuarine waters, considering the Gironde Estuary (SW France) as a test site. Three spectral bands of water-leaving reflectance (    R h o w    ) are considered: green (560 nm), red (655 or 665 nm) and near infrared (NIR) (865 nm), required to retrieve the suspended particulate matter (SPM) concentrations in clear to highly turbid waters (SPM ranging from 1 to 2000 mg\/L). A previous study satisfactorily validated Acolite short wave infrared (SWIR) AC algorithm for Landsat-8-Operational Land Imager (L8-OLI) in turbid estuarine waters. The latest version of Acolite Dark Spectrum Fitting (DSF) is tested here and shows very good agreement with Acolite SWIR for OLI data. L8-OLI satellite data corrected for atmospheric effects using Acolite DSF are then used as a reference to assess the validity of atmospheric corrections applied to other satellite data recorded over the same test site with a minimum time difference. Acolite DSF and iCOR (image correction for atmospheric effects) are identified as the best performing AC algorithms among the tested AC algorithms (Acolite DSF, iCOR, Polymer and C2RCC (case 2 regional coast color)) for S2-MSI. Then, the validity of six different AC algorithms (OLCI Baseline Atmospheric Correction (BAC), iCOR, Polymer, Baseline residual (BLR), C2RCC-V1 and C2RCC-V2) applied to OLCI satellite data is assessed based on comparisons with OLI and\/or MSI Acolite DSF products recorded on a same day with a minimum time lag. Results show that all the AC algorithms tend to underestimate     R h o w     in green, red and NIR bands except iCOR in green and red bands. The iCOR provides minimum differences in green (slope = 1.0 \u00b1 0.15, BIAS = 1.9 \u00b1 4.5% and mean absolute percentage error (MAPE) = 12 \u00b1 5%) and red (slope = 1.0 \u00b1 0.17, BIAS = \u22129.8 \u00b1 9% and MAPE = 28 \u00b1 20%) bands with Acolite DSF products from OLI and MSI data. For the NIR band, BAC provides minimum differences (slope = 0.7 \u00b1 0.13, BIAS = \u221233 \u00b1 17% and MAPE = 55 \u00b1 20%) with Acolite DSF products from OLI and MSI data. These results based on comparisons between almost simultaneous satellite products are supported by match-ups between satellite-derived and field-measured SPM concentrations provided by automated turbidity stations. Further validation of satellite products based on rigorous match-ups with in-situ     R h o w     measurements is still required in highly turbid waters.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/rs12081285","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,4,21]],"date-time":"2020-04-21T04:49:38Z","timestamp":1587444578000},"page":"1285","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":88,"title":["Evaluation of Atmospheric Correction Algorithms for Sentinel-2-MSI and Sentinel-3-OLCI in Highly Turbid Estuarine Waters"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"12","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5075-6744","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Pannimpullath Remanan","family":"Renosh","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratoire d\u2019Oc\u00e9anographie de Villefranche, UMR7093, CNRS-Sorbonne Universit\u00e9, 06230 Villefranche-sur-Mer, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"David","family":"Doxaran","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratoire d\u2019Oc\u00e9anographie de Villefranche, UMR7093, CNRS-Sorbonne Universit\u00e9, 06230 Villefranche-sur-Mer, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6400-595X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Liesbeth De","family":"Keukelaere","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Flemish Institute for Technological Research (VITO), 2400 Mol, Belgium"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Juan Ignacio","family":"Gossn","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Instituto de Astronom\u00eda y F\u00edsica del Espacio (IAFE), CONICET-Universidad de Buenos Aires, Pabell\u00f3n IAFE, Ciudad Universitaria (C1428ZAA), Ciudad Aut\u00f3noma de Buenos Aires, Argentina"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,4,18]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Novoa, S., Doxaran, D., Ody, A., Vanhellemont, Q., Lafon, V., Lubac, B., and Gernez, P. (2017). Atmospheric corrections and multi-conditional algorithm for multi-sensor remote sensing of suspended particulate matter in low-to-high turbidity levels coastal waters. Remote Sens., 9.","DOI":"10.3390\/rs9010061"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1631","DOI":"10.1364\/AO.17.001631","article-title":"Removal of atmospheric effects from satellite imagery of the oceans","volume":"17","author":"Gordon","year":"1978","journal-title":"Appl. Opt."},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"145","DOI":"10.3389\/feart.2019.00145","article-title":"Atmospheric correction of satellite ocean-color imagery during the PACE era","volume":"7","author":"Frouin","year":"2019","journal-title":"Front. Earth Sci."},{"key":"ref_4","unstructured":"Wang, M. (2010). Atmospheric Correction for Remotely-Sensed Ocean-Colour Products, International Ocean-Colour Coordinating Group."},{"key":"ref_5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4790","DOI":"10.1364\/AO.40.004790","article-title":"Correction of sun glint contamination on the SeaWiFS ocean and atmosphere products","volume":"40","author":"Wang","year":"2001","journal-title":"Appl. Opt."},{"key":"ref_6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2693","DOI":"10.1080\/01431160110115591","article-title":"The Rayleigh lookup tables for the SeaWiFS data processing: Accounting for the effects of ocean surface roughness","volume":"23","author":"Wang","year":"2002","journal-title":"Int. J. Remote Sens."},{"key":"ref_7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"10909","DOI":"10.1029\/JD093iD09p10909","article-title":"A semianalytic radiance model of ocean color","volume":"93","author":"Gordon","year":"1988","journal-title":"J. Geophys. Res. Atmos."},{"key":"ref_8","unstructured":"Mobley, C., Werdell, J., Franz, B., Ahmad, Z., and Bailey, S. (2016). Atmospheric Correction for Satellite Ocean Color Radiometry."},{"key":"ref_9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"443","DOI":"10.1364\/AO.33.000443","article-title":"Retrieval of water-leaving radiance and aerosol optical thickness over the oceans with SeaWiFS: A preliminary algorithm","volume":"33","author":"Gordon","year":"1994","journal-title":"Appl. Opt."},{"key":"ref_10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"854","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rse.2009.11.022","article-title":"Calibration and validation of a generic multisensor algorithm for mapping of total suspended matter in turbid waters","volume":"114","author":"Nechad","year":"2010","journal-title":"Remote Sens. Environ."},{"key":"ref_11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3582","DOI":"10.1364\/AO.39.003582","article-title":"Atmospheric correction of satellite ocean color imagery: The black pixel assumption","volume":"39","author":"Siegel","year":"2000","journal-title":"Appl. Opt."},{"key":"ref_12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1587","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rse.2009.03.011","article-title":"An assessment of the black ocean pixel assumption for MODIS SWIR bands","volume":"113","author":"Shi","year":"2009","journal-title":"Remote Sens. Environ."},{"key":"ref_13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"897","DOI":"10.1364\/AO.39.000897","article-title":"Atmospheric correction of SeaWiFS imagery for turbid coastal and inland waters","volume":"39","author":"Ruddick","year":"2000","journal-title":"Appl. Opt."},{"key":"ref_14","first-page":"51","article-title":"A partially coupled ocean-atmosphere model for retrieval of water-leaving radiance from SeaWiFS in coastal waters","volume":"206892","author":"Stumpf","year":"2003","journal-title":"NASA Tech. Memo"},{"key":"ref_15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"539","DOI":"10.1016\/j.csr.2004.10.007","article-title":"Modification to the atmospheric correction of SeaWiFS ocean colour images over turbid waters","volume":"25","author":"Lavender","year":"2005","journal-title":"Cont. Shelf Res."},{"key":"ref_16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1535","DOI":"10.1364\/AO.46.001535","article-title":"Remote sensing of the ocean contributions from ultraviolet to near-infrared using the shortwave infrared bands: Simulations","volume":"46","author":"Wang","year":"2007","journal-title":"Appl. Opt."},{"key":"ref_17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"149","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rse.2007.02.013","article-title":"Detection of turbid waters and absorbing aerosols for the MODIS ocean color data processing","volume":"110","author":"Shi","year":"2007","journal-title":"Remote Sens. Environ."},{"key":"ref_18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"15722","DOI":"10.1364\/OE.15.015722","article-title":"The NIR-SWIR combined atmospheric correction approach for MODIS ocean color data processing","volume":"15","author":"Wang","year":"2007","journal-title":"Opt. Express"},{"key":"ref_19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"635","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rse.2008.11.005","article-title":"Evaluation of MODIS SWIR and NIR-SWIR atmospheric correction algorithms using SeaBASS data","volume":"113","author":"Wang","year":"2009","journal-title":"Remote Sens. Environ."},{"key":"ref_20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1713","DOI":"10.1080\/014311699212434","article-title":"The atmospheric correction of water colour and the quantitative retrieval of suspended particulate matter in Case II waters: Application to MERIS","volume":"20","author":"Moore","year":"1999","journal-title":"Int. J. Remote Sens."},{"key":"ref_21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1420","DOI":"10.1007\/s12237-010-9313-2","article-title":"Satellite estimates of wide-range suspended sediment concentrations in Changjiang (Yangtze) estuary using MERIS data","volume":"33","author":"Shen","year":"2010","journal-title":"Estuar. Coast"},{"key":"ref_22","unstructured":"Brockmann, C., Doerffer, R., Peters, M., Kerstin, S., Embacher, S., and Ruescas, A. (2016, January 9\u201313). Evolution of the C2RCC neural network for Sentinel 2 and 3 for the retrieval of ocean colour products in normal and extreme optically complex waters. Proceedings of the Living Planet Symposium, Prague, Czech Republic."},{"key":"ref_23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9783","DOI":"10.1364\/OE.19.009783","article-title":"Atmospheric correction in presence of sun glint: Application to MERIS","volume":"19","author":"Steinmetz","year":"2011","journal-title":"Opt. Express"},{"key":"ref_24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"89","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rse.2015.02.007","article-title":"Advantages of high quality SWIR bands for ocean colour processing: Examples from Landsat-8","volume":"161","author":"Vanhellemont","year":"2015","journal-title":"Remote Sens. Environ."},{"key":"ref_25","unstructured":"Vanhellemont, Q., and Ruddick, K. (2016, January 9\u201313). Acolite for Sentinel-2: Aquatic applications of MSI imagery. Proceedings of the 2016 ESA Living Planet Symposium, Prague, Czech Republic."},{"key":"ref_26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"586","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rse.2018.07.015","article-title":"Atmospheric correction of metre-scale optical satellite data for inland and coastal water applications","volume":"216","author":"Vanhellemont","year":"2018","journal-title":"Remote Sens. Environ."},{"key":"ref_27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"175","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rse.2019.03.010","article-title":"Adaptation of the dark spectrum fitting atmospheric correction for aquatic applications of the Landsat and Sentinel-2 archives","volume":"225","author":"Vanhellemont","year":"2019","journal-title":"Remote Sens. Environ."},{"key":"ref_28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1955","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rse.2011.03.018","article-title":"Comparison of three SeaWiFS atmospheric correction algorithms for turbid waters using AERONET-OC measurements","volume":"115","author":"Jamet","year":"2011","journal-title":"Remote Sens. Environ."},{"key":"ref_29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"63","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rse.2012.12.006","article-title":"Evaluation of four atmospheric correction algorithms for MODIS-Aqua images over contrasted coastal waters","volume":"131","author":"Goyens","year":"2013","journal-title":"Remote Sens. Environ."},{"key":"ref_30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Huang, X., Zhu, J., Han, B., Jamet, C., Tian, Z., Zhao, Y., Li, J., and Li, T. (2019). Evaluation of Four Atmospheric Correction Algorithms for GOCI Images over the Yellow Sea. Remote Sens., 11.","DOI":"10.3390\/rs11141631"},{"key":"ref_31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"289","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rse.2016.12.030","article-title":"Landsat 8 remote sensing reflectance (Rrs) products: Evaluations, intercomparisons, and enhancements","volume":"190","author":"Pahlevan","year":"2017","journal-title":"Remote Sens. Environ."},{"key":"ref_32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Abascal Zorrilla, N., Vantrepotte, V., Gensac, E., Huybrechts, N., and Gardel, A. (2018). The Advantages of Landsat 8-OLI-Derived Suspended Particulate Matter Maps for Monitoring the Subtidal Extension of Amazonian Coastal Mud Banks (French Guiana). Remote Sens., 10.","DOI":"10.3390\/rs10111733"},{"key":"ref_33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"101","DOI":"10.4236\/ars.2018.72008","article-title":"Evaluation of Atmospheric Correction Algorithms for Landsat-8 OLI and MODIS-Aqua to Study Sediment Dynamics in the Northern Gulf of Mexico","volume":"7","author":"Chaichitehrani","year":"2018","journal-title":"Adv. Remote Sens."},{"key":"ref_34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Ilori, C.O., Pahlevan, N., and Knudby, A. (2019). Analyzing Performances of Different Atmospheric Correction Techniques for Landsat 8: Application for Coastal Remote Sensing. Remote Sens., 11.","DOI":"10.3390\/rs11040469"},{"key":"ref_35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Wang, D., Ma, R., Xue, K., and Loiselle, S.A. (2019). The Assessment of Landsat-8 OLI Atmospheric Correction Algorithms for Inland Waters. Remote Sens., 11.","DOI":"10.3390\/rs11020169"},{"key":"ref_36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Doxani, G., Vermote, E., Roger, J.C., Gascon, F., Adriaensen, S., Frantz, D., Hagolle, O., Hollstein, A., Kirches, G., and Li, F. (2018). Atmospheric correction inter-comparison exercise. Remote Sens., 10.","DOI":"10.3390\/rs10020352"},{"key":"ref_37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Martins, V., Barbosa, C., de Carvalho, L., Jorge, D., Lobo, F., and Novo, E. (2017). Assessment of atmospheric correction methods for Sentinel-2 MSI images applied to Amazon floodplain lakes. Remote Sens., 9.","DOI":"10.3390\/rs9040322"},{"key":"ref_38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Caballero, I., Steinmetz, F., and Navarro, G. (2018). Evaluation of the first year of operational Sentinel-2A data for retrieval of suspended solids in medium-to high-turbidity waters. Remote Sens., 10.","DOI":"10.3390\/rs10070982"},{"key":"ref_39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"22","DOI":"10.3389\/feart.2019.00022","article-title":"Application of Sentinel-2 MSI in Arctic research: Evaluating the performance of atmospheric correction approaches over Arctic sea ice","volume":"7","author":"Oppelt","year":"2019","journal-title":"Front. Earth Sci."},{"key":"ref_40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Pereira-Sandoval, M., Ruescas, A., Urrego, P., Ruiz-Verd\u00fa, A., Delegido, J., Tenjo, C., Soria-Perpiny\u00e0, X., Vicente, E., Soria, J., and Moreno, J. (2019). Evaluation of Atmospheric Correction Algorithms over Spanish Inland Waters for Sentinel-2 Multi Spectral Imagery Data. Remote Sens., 11.","DOI":"10.3390\/rs11121469"},{"key":"ref_41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"267","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rse.2019.03.018","article-title":"Assessment of atmospheric correction algorithms for the Sentinel-2A MultiSpectral Imager over coastal and inland waters","volume":"225","author":"Warren","year":"2019","journal-title":"Remote Sens. Environ."},{"key":"ref_42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Bi, S., Li, Y., Wang, Q., Lyu, H., Liu, G., Zheng, Z., Du, C., Mu, M., Xu, J., and Lei, S. (2018). Inland water Atmospheric Correction based on Turbidity Classification using OLCI and SLSTR synergistic observations. Remote Sens., 10.","DOI":"10.3390\/rs10071002"},{"key":"ref_43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Mograne, M.A., Jamet, C., Loisel, H., Vantrepotte, V., M\u00e9riaux, X., and Cauvin, A. (2019). Evaluation of Five Atmospheric Correction Algorithms over French Optically-Complex Waters for the Sentinel-3A OLCI Ocean Color Sensor. Remote Sens., 11.","DOI":"10.3390\/rs11060668"},{"key":"ref_44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Zibordi, G., M\u00e9lin, F., Berthon, J.F., and Talone, M. (2015). In situ autonomous optical radiometry measurements for satellite ocean color validation in the Western Black Sea. Ocean Sci., 11.","DOI":"10.5194\/osd-11-3003-2014"},{"key":"ref_45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1490","DOI":"10.1109\/LGRS.2018.2849329","article-title":"A regional assessment of OLCI data products","volume":"15","author":"Zibordi","year":"2018","journal-title":"IEEE Geosci. Remote Sens. Lett."},{"key":"ref_46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"923","DOI":"10.1002\/2014JC010267","article-title":"Tidal bore dynamics in funnel-shaped estuaries","volume":"120","author":"Bonneton","year":"2015","journal-title":"J. Geophys. Res. Oceans"},{"key":"ref_47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1835","DOI":"10.1016\/S0278-4343(02)00041-9","article-title":"The dependence of estuarine turbidity on tidal intrusion length, tidal range and residence time","volume":"22","author":"Uncles","year":"2002","journal-title":"Cont. Shelf Res."},{"key":"ref_48","first-page":"795","article-title":"A synthesis on seasonal dynamics of highly-concentrated structures in the Gironde estuary","volume":"329","author":"Sottolichio","year":"1999","journal-title":"Comptes Rendus de l\u2019Acad\u00e9mie des Sci.-Ser. IIA-Earth Planet. Sci."},{"key":"ref_49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"149","DOI":"10.1016\/S0034-4257(01)00341-8","article-title":"Spectral signature of highly turbid waters: Application with SPOT data to quantify suspended particulate matter concentrations","volume":"81","author":"Doxaran","year":"2002","journal-title":"Remote Sens. Environ."},{"key":"ref_50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5079","DOI":"10.1080\/0143116021000009912","article-title":"A reflectance band ratio used to estimate suspended matter concentrations in sediment-dominated coastal waters","volume":"23","author":"Doxaran","year":"2002","journal-title":"Int. J. Remote Sens."},{"key":"ref_51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2623","DOI":"10.1364\/AO.42.002623","article-title":"Remote-sensing reflectance of turbid sediment-dominated waters. Reduction of sediment type variations and changing illumination conditions effects by use of reflectance ratios","volume":"42","author":"Doxaran","year":"2003","journal-title":"Appl. Opt."},{"key":"ref_52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2303","DOI":"10.1080\/01431160500396865","article-title":"Monitoring the maximum turbidity zone and detecting fine-scale turbidity features in the Gironde estuary using high spatial resolution satellite sensor (SPOT HRV, Landsat ETM+) data","volume":"27","author":"Doxaran","year":"2006","journal-title":"Int. J. Remote Sens."},{"key":"ref_53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"321","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ecss.2008.11.013","article-title":"Dynamics of the turbidity maximum zone in a macrotidal estuary (the Gironde, France): Observations from field and MODIS satellite data","volume":"81","author":"Doxaran","year":"2009","journal-title":"Estuar. Coast. Shelf Sci."},{"key":"ref_54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"16","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ecss.2011.12.005","article-title":"Origin and composition of particulate organic matter in a macrotidal turbid estuary: The Gironde Estuary, France","volume":"108","author":"Savoye","year":"2012","journal-title":"Estuar. Coast. Shelf Sci."},{"key":"ref_55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9507","DOI":"10.3390\/rs70809507","article-title":"Toward Sentinel-2 high resolution remote sensing of suspended particulate matter in very turbid waters: SPOT4 (Take5) Experiment in the Loire and Gironde Estuaries","volume":"7","author":"Gernez","year":"2015","journal-title":"Remote Sens."},{"key":"ref_56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"66","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rse.2015.06.022","article-title":"A SWIR based algorithm to retrieve total suspended matter in extremely turbid waters","volume":"168","author":"Knaeps","year":"2015","journal-title":"Remote Sens. Environ."},{"key":"ref_57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2805","DOI":"10.5194\/hess-19-2805-2015","article-title":"Turbidity in the fluvial Gironde Estuary (southwest France) based on 10-year continuous monitoring: Sensitivity to hydrological conditions","volume":"19","author":"Schmidt","year":"2015","journal-title":"Hydrol Earth Syst. Sci."},{"key":"ref_58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1439","DOI":"10.5194\/essd-10-1439-2018","article-title":"The SeaSWIR dataset","volume":"10","author":"Knaeps","year":"2018","journal-title":"Earth Syst. Sci. Data"},{"key":"ref_59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7442","DOI":"10.1364\/AO.38.007442","article-title":"Estimation of the remote-sensing reflectance from above-surface measurements","volume":"38","author":"Mobley","year":"1999","journal-title":"Appl. Opt."},{"key":"ref_60","unstructured":"Mueller, L.J., Morel, A., Frouin, R., Davis, C., Arnone, R., Carder, K., Li, Z., Steward, R., Hooker, S., and Mobley, C. (2003). Ocean Optics Protocols for Satellite Ocean Color Sensor Validation, Revision 4, Volume III: Radiometric Measurements and Data Analysis Protocols."},{"key":"ref_61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Etcheber, H., Schmidt, S., Sottolichio, A., Maneux, E., Chabaux, G., Escalier, J.M., Wennekes, H., Derriennic, H., Schmeltz, M., and Qu\u00e9m\u00e9ner, L. (2011). Monitoring water quality in estuarine environments: Lessons from the MAGEST monitoring program in the Gironde fluvial-estuarine system. Hydrol Earth Syst. Sci.","DOI":"10.5194\/hessd-7-9411-2010"},{"key":"ref_62","unstructured":"Schmidt, S., Ouamar, L., Cosson, B., Lebleu, P., and Derriennic, H. (2014, January 11\u201313). Monitoring turbidity as a surrogate of suspended particulate load in the Gironde Estuary: The impact of particle size on concentration estimates. Proceedings of the ISOBAY XIV International Symposium on Oceanography of the Bay of Biscay, Bordeaux, France."},{"key":"ref_63","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"39","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rse.2015.10.035","article-title":"MEETC2: Ocean color atmospheric corrections in coastal complex waters using a Bayesian latent class model and potential for the incoming sentinel 3\u2014OLCI mission","volume":"172","author":"Saulquin","year":"2016","journal-title":"Remote Sens. Environ."},{"key":"ref_64","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"218","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rse.2017.07.016","article-title":"Atmospheric correction over coastal waters using multilayer neural networks","volume":"199","author":"Fan","year":"2017","journal-title":"Remote Sens. Environ."},{"key":"ref_65","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"525","DOI":"10.1080\/22797254.2018.1457937","article-title":"Atmospheric correction of Landsat-8\/OLI and Sentinel-2\/MSI data using iCOR algorithm: Validation for coastal and inland waters","volume":"51","author":"Sterckx","year":"2018","journal-title":"Eur. J. Remote Sens."},{"key":"ref_66","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"96","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rse.2014.06.017","article-title":"SIMilarity Environment Correction (SIMEC) applied to MERIS data over inland and coastal waters","volume":"157","author":"Sterckx","year":"2015","journal-title":"Remote Sens. Environ."},{"key":"ref_67","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"517","DOI":"10.1080\/01431160600821127","article-title":"The MERIS Case 2 water algorithm","volume":"28","author":"Doerffer","year":"2007","journal-title":"Int. J. Remote Sens."},{"key":"ref_68","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1167","DOI":"10.4319\/lo.2006.51.2.1167","article-title":"Seaborne measurements of near infrared water-leaving reflectance: The similarity spectrum for turbid waters","volume":"51","author":"Ruddick","year":"2006","journal-title":"Limnol. Oceanogr."},{"key":"ref_69","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2245","DOI":"10.1364\/AO.37.002245","article-title":"Relative importance of multiple scattering by air molecules and aerosols in forming the atmospheric path radiance in the visible and near-infrared parts of the spectrum","volume":"37","author":"Antoine","year":"1998","journal-title":"Appl. Opt."},{"key":"ref_70","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1875","DOI":"10.1080\/014311699212533","article-title":"A multiple scattering algorithm for atmospheric correction of remotely sensed ocean colour (MERIS instrument): Principle and implementation for atmospheres carrying various aerosols including absorbing ones","volume":"20","author":"Antoine","year":"1999","journal-title":"Int. J. Remote Sens."},{"key":"ref_71","first-page":"3","article-title":"MERIS ATBD 2.6 Case II Bright Pixel Atmospheric Correction (BPAC)","volume":"5","author":"Moore","year":"2017","journal-title":"Eur. Space Agency"},{"key":"ref_72","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"368","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rse.2004.12.020","article-title":"Detection of blue-absorbing aerosols using near infrared and visible (ocean color) remote sensing observations","volume":"95","author":"Nobileau","year":"2005","journal-title":"Remote Sens. Environ."},{"key":"ref_73","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Gossn, J.I., Ruddick, K.G., and Dogliotti, A.I. (2019). Atmospheric Correction of OLCI Imagery over Extremely Turbid Waters Based on the Red, NIR and 1016 nm Bands and a New Baseline Residual Technique. Remote Sens., 11.","DOI":"10.3390\/rs11030220"},{"key":"ref_74","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Luo, Y., Doxaran, D., and Vanhellemont, Q. (2020). Retrieval and Validation of Water Turbidity at Metre-Scale Using Pl\u00e9iades Satellite Data: A Case Study in the Gironde Estuary. Remote Sens., 12.","DOI":"10.3390\/rs12060946"},{"key":"ref_75","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3676","DOI":"10.1364\/AO.20.003676","article-title":"Influence of the background contribution upon space measurements of ground reflectance","volume":"20","author":"Tanre","year":"1981","journal-title":"Appl. Opt."},{"key":"ref_76","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7754","DOI":"10.1364\/AO.33.007754","article-title":"Influence of oceanic whitecaps on atmospheric correction of ocean-color sensors","volume":"33","author":"Gordon","year":"1994","journal-title":"Appl. Opt."},{"key":"ref_77","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5545","DOI":"10.1364\/AO.49.005545","article-title":"New aerosol models for the retrieval of aerosol optical thickness and normalized water-leaving radiances from the SeaWiFS and MODIS sensors over coastal regions and open oceans","volume":"49","author":"Ahmad","year":"2010","journal-title":"Appl. Opt."},{"key":"ref_78","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7521","DOI":"10.1364\/OE.18.007521","article-title":"Estimation of near-infrared water-leaving reflectance for satellite ocean color data processing","volume":"18","author":"Bailey","year":"2010","journal-title":"Opt. Express"}],"container-title":["Remote Sensing"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2072-4292\/12\/8\/1285\/pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,13]],"date-time":"2025-10-13T13:31:30Z","timestamp":1760362290000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2072-4292\/12\/8\/1285"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2020,4,18]]},"references-count":78,"journal-issue":{"issue":"8","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,4]]}},"alternative-id":["rs12081285"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/rs12081285","relation":{},"ISSN":["2072-4292"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2072-4292","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2020,4,18]]}}}