{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,9]],"date-time":"2026-05-09T19:37:39Z","timestamp":1778355459633,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":100,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,5,10]],"date-time":"2020-05-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1589068800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100002341","name":"Academy of Finland","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["Grant to HT"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["Grant to HT"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100002341","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"University of Turku Graduate School","award":["Salary to PPC"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["Salary to PPC"]}]},{"name":"Danish Independent Fund","award":["Salary to GZ"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["Salary to GZ"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Remote Sensing"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Recognition of the spatial variation in tree species composition is a necessary precondition for wise management and conservation of forests. In the Peruvian Amazonia, this goal is not yet achieved mostly because adequate species inventory data has been lacking. The recently started Peruvian national forest inventory (INFFS) is expected to change the situation. Here, we analyzed genus-level variation, summarized through non-metric multidimensional scaling (NMDS), in a set of 157 INFFS inventory plots in lowland to low mountain rain forests (&lt;2000 m above sea level) using Landsat satellite imagery and climatic, edaphic, and elevation data as predictor variables. Genus-level floristic patterns have earlier been found to be indicative of species-level patterns. In correlation tests, the floristic variation of tree genera was most strongly related to Landsat variables and secondly to climatic variables. We used random forest regression, under varying criteria of feature selection and cross-validation, to predict the floristic composition on the basis of Landsat and environmental data. The best model explained &gt;60% of the variation along NMDS axes 1 and 2 and 40% of the variation along NMDS axis 3. We used this model to predict the three NMDS dimensions at a 450-m resolution over all of the Peruvian Amazonia and classified the pixels into 10 floristic classes using k-means classification. An indicator analysis identified statistically significant indicator genera for 8 out of the 10 classes. The results are congruent with earlier studies, suggesting that the approach is robust and can be applied to other tropical regions, which is useful for reducing research gaps and for identifying suitable areas for conservation.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/rs12091523","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,5,11]],"date-time":"2020-05-11T12:26:30Z","timestamp":1589199990000},"page":"1523","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":12,"title":["Mapping Floristic Patterns of Trees in Peruvian Amazonia Using Remote Sensing and Machine Learning"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"12","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1025-9505","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Pablo","family":"Chaves","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biology, University of Turku, 20014 Turku, Finland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0932-2308","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Gabriela","family":"Zuquim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biology, University of Turku, 20014 Turku, Finland"},{"name":"Department of Biology, Aarhus University, Nordre Ringgade 1, DK-8000 Aarhus, Denmark"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7494-9417","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kalle","family":"Ruokolainen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biology, University of Turku, 20014 Turku, Finland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2177-7882","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jasper","family":"Van doninck","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Geography and Geology, University of Turku, 20014 Turku, Finland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Risto","family":"Kalliola","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Geography and Geology, University of Turku, 20014 Turku, Finland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Elvira","family":"G\u00f3mez Rivero","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Servicio Forestal Nacional y de Fauna Silvestre, Lima 15076, Peru"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1640-490X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hanna","family":"Tuomisto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biology, University of Turku, 20014 Turku, Finland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,5,10]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"165","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhydrol.2009.02.043","article-title":"The influence of historical and potential future deforestation on the stream flow of the Amazon River\u2014Land surface processes and atmospheric feedbacks","volume":"369","author":"Coe","year":"2009","journal-title":"J. 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