{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,4]],"date-time":"2026-06-04T21:56:12Z","timestamp":1780610172320,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":52,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,6,18]],"date-time":"2020-06-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1592438400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"National Nature Science Foundation of China","award":["61573183"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["61573183"]}]},{"name":"the Open Project Program of the National Laboratory of Pattern Recognition (NLPR)","award":["201900029"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["201900029"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Remote Sensing"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Small target detection is a critical step in remotely infrared searching and guiding applications. However, previously proposed algorithms would exhibit performance deterioration in the presence of complex background. It is attributed to two main reasons. First, some common background interferences are difficult to eliminate effectively by using conventional sparse measure. Second, most methods only exploit the spatial information typically, but ignore the structural priors across feature space. To address these issues, this paper gives a novel model combining the spatial-feature graph regularization and l1\/2-norm sparse constraint. In this model, the spatial and feature regularizations are imposed on the sparse component in the form of graph Laplacians, where the sparse component is enforced as the eigenvectors of their graph Laplacian matrices. Such an approach is to explore the geometric information in both data and feature space simultaneously. Moreover, l1\/2-norm acts as a substitute of the traditional l1-norm to constrain the sparse component, further reducing the fake targets. Finally, an efficient optimization algorithm equipped with linearized alternating direction method with adaptive penalty (LADMAP) is carefully designed for model solution. Comprehensive experiments on different infrared scenes substantiate the superiority of the proposed method beyond 11 competitive algorithms in subjective and objective evaluation.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/rs12121963","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,6,18]],"date-time":"2020-06-18T11:00:56Z","timestamp":1592478056000},"page":"1963","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":27,"title":["Robust Infrared Small Target Detection via Jointly Sparse Constraint of l1\/2-Metric and Dual-Graph Regularization"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"12","author":[{"given":"Fei","family":"Zhou","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Electronic and Information Engineering, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing 211106, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yiquan","family":"Wu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Electronic and Information Engineering, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing 211106, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yimian","family":"Dai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Electronic and Information Engineering, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing 211106, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kang","family":"Ni","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Electronic and Information Engineering, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing 211106, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,6,18]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","first-page":"1","article-title":"Background modeling in the fourier domain for maritime infrared target detection","volume":"99","author":"Zhou","year":"2019","journal-title":"IEEE Trans. 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