{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,31]],"date-time":"2026-03-31T09:05:01Z","timestamp":1774947901912,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":53,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"13","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,6,27]],"date-time":"2020-06-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1593216000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Science, Technology and Innovation Plan of the Principality of Asturias (Spain)","award":["FC-GRUPIN-IDI\/2018\/000225"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["FC-GRUPIN-IDI\/2018\/000225"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Remote Sensing"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Knowledge of the free draft of ports is essential for the adequate management of ports. To maintain these drafts, it is necessary to carry out dredging periodically, and to conduct bathymetries using traditional techniques, such as echo sounding. However, an echo sounder is very expensive and its accuracy is subject to weather conditions. Thus, the use of recent advancements in remote sensing techniques provide a better solution for mapping and estimating the evolution of the seabed in these areas. This paper presents a cost-effective and practical method for estimating satellite-derived bathymetry for highly polluted and turbid waters at two different ports in the cities of Luarca and Cand\u00e1s in the Principality of Asturias (Spain). The method involves the use of the support vector machine (SVM) technique and open Sentinel-2 satellite imagery, which the European Space Agency has supplied. Models were compared to the bathymetries that were obtained from the in situ data collected by a single beam echo sounder that the Port Service of the Principality of Asturias provided. The most accurate values of the training and testing dataset in Cand\u00e1s, were R2 = 0.911 and RMSE = 0.3694 m, and R2 = 0.8553 and RMSE = 0.4370 m, respectively. The accuracies of the training and testing dataset values in Luarca were R2 = 0.976 and RMSE = 0.4409 m, and R2 = 0.9731 and RMSE = 0.4640 m, respectively. The regression analysis results of the training and testing dataset were consistent. The approaches that have been developed in this work may be included in the monitoring of future dredging activities in ports, especially where the water is polluted, muddy and highly turbid.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/rs12132069","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,6,29]],"date-time":"2020-06-29T11:17:17Z","timestamp":1593429437000},"page":"2069","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":50,"title":["Port Bathymetry Mapping Using Support Vector Machine Technique and Sentinel-2 Satellite Imagery"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"12","author":[{"given":"Vanesa","family":"Mateo-P\u00e9rez","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Project Engineering Department, University of Oviedo, 33004 Oviedo, Principality of Asturias, Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6057-7077","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Marina","family":"Corral-Bobadilla","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of La Rioja, 26004 Logro\u00f1o, La Rioja, Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Francisco","family":"Ortega-Fern\u00e1ndez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Project Engineering Department, University of Oviedo, 33004 Oviedo, Principality of Asturias, Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Eliseo P.","family":"Vergara-Gonz\u00e1lez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Project Engineering Department, University of Oviedo, 33004 Oviedo, Principality of Asturias, Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,6,27]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"25","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2427.2005.01472.x","article-title":"Using geophysical information to define benthic habitats in a large river","volume":"51","author":"Strayer","year":"2006","journal-title":"Freshw. 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