{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,12]],"date-time":"2026-06-12T07:44:25Z","timestamp":1781250265238,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":62,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"15","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,7,23]],"date-time":"2020-07-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1595462400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Scientific Research Fund of Pilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology (Qingdao)","award":["QNLM2016ORP0103"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["QNLM2016ORP0103"]}]},{"name":"Scientific Research Fund of the Second Institute of Oceanography, MNR, China","award":["QNYC1702, 14283"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["QNYC1702, 14283"]}]},{"name":"Marine S&amp;T Fund of Shandong Province for Pilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology (Qingdao)","award":["2018SDKJ0206"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2018SDKJ0206"]}]},{"name":"NASA","award":["Ocean Biology and Biogeochemistry program"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["Ocean Biology and Biogeochemistry program"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Remote Sensing"],"abstract":"<jats:p>The vertical distribution of irradiance in the ocean is a key input to quantify processes spanning from radiative warming, photosynthesis to photo-oxidation. Here we use a novel dataset of thousands local-noon downwelling irradiance at 490 nm (Ed(490)) and photosynthetically available radiation (PAR) profiles captured by 103 BGC-Argo floats spanning three years (from October 2012 to January 2016) in the world\u2019s ocean, to evaluate several published algorithms and satellite products related to diffuse attenuation coefficient (Kd). Our results show: (1) MODIS-Aqua Kd(490) products derived from a blue-to-green algorithm and two semi-analytical algorithms show good consistency with the float-observed values, but the Chla-based one has overestimation in oligotrophic waters; (2) The Kd(PAR) model based on the Inherent Optical Properties (IOPs) performs well not only at sea-surface but also at depth, except for the oligotrophic waters where Kd(PAR) is underestimated below two penetration depth (2zpd), due to the model\u2019s assumption of a homogeneous distribution of IOPs in the water column which is not true in most oligotrophic waters with deep chlorophyll-a maxima; (3) In addition, published algorithms for the 1% euphotic-layer depth and the depth of 0.415 mol photons m\u22122 d\u22121 isolume are evaluated. Algorithms based on Chla generally work well while IOPs-based ones exhibit an overestimation issue in stratified and oligotrophic waters, due to the underestimation of Kd(PAR) at depth.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/rs12152367","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,7,23]],"date-time":"2020-07-23T11:26:01Z","timestamp":1595503561000},"page":"2367","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":31,"title":["Evaluation of Ocean Color Remote Sensing Algorithms for Diffuse Attenuation Coefficients and Optical Depths with Data Collected on BGC-Argo Floats"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"12","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9940-1204","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Xiaogang","family":"Xing","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Satellite Ocean Environment Dynamics, Second Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, Hangzhou 310012, China"},{"name":"Pilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology (Qingdao), Qingdao 266000, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8334-9595","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Emmanuel","family":"Boss","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Marine Sciences, University of Maine, Orono, ME 04469, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jie","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratoire d\u2019Oc\u00e9anographie de Villefranche, Sorbonne Universit\u00e9, 06238 Villefranche-sur-Mer, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fei","family":"Chai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Satellite Ocean Environment Dynamics, Second Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, Hangzhou 310012, China"},{"name":"School of Marine Sciences, University of Maine, Orono, ME 04469, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,7,23]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"341","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469-8137.1976.tb01524.x","article-title":"A theoretical analysis of the contribution of algal cells to the attenuation of light within natural waters. III. Cylindrical and spheroidal cells","volume":"77","author":"Kirk","year":"1976","journal-title":"New Phytol."},{"key":"ref_2","unstructured":"Mobley, C.D. (1994). Light and Water: Radiative Transfer in Natural Waters, Elsevier."},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"61","DOI":"10.4319\/lo.1956.1.1.0061","article-title":"Photosynthesis in the ocean as a function of light intensity","volume":"1","author":"Ryther","year":"1956","journal-title":"Limnol. Oceanogr."},{"key":"ref_4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"508","DOI":"10.4319\/lo.2004.49.2.0508","article-title":"Light driven seasonal patterns of chlorophyll and nitrate in the lower euphotic zone of the North Pacific Subtropical Gyre","volume":"49","author":"Letelier","year":"2004","journal-title":"Limnol. Oceanogr."},{"key":"ref_5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9370","DOI":"10.1002\/2017JC013101","article-title":"A spectrally selective attenuation mechanism-based Kpar algorithm for biomass heating effect simulation in the open ocean","volume":"122","author":"Chen","year":"2017","journal-title":"J. Geophys. Res. Oceans"},{"key":"ref_6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"171","DOI":"10.1029\/2018JC014289","article-title":"Modeling the near-surface diurnal cycle of sea surface temperature in the Mediterranean Sea","volume":"124","author":"Pimentel","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Geophys. Res. Oceans"},{"key":"ref_7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e2020jc016122","DOI":"10.1029\/2020JC016122","article-title":"Improved representation of underwater light field and its impact on ecosystem dynamics: A study in the North Sea","volume":"125","author":"Bruggeman","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Geophys. Res. Oceans"},{"key":"ref_8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Frouin, R., McPherson, J., Ueyoshi, K., and Franz, B.A. (2012, January 12\u201316). A time series of photosynthetically available radiation at the ocean surface from SeaWiFS and MODIS data. Proceedings of the SPIE Asia-Pacific Remote Sensing; SPIE-Intl Soc Optical Eng, San Jose, CA, USA.","DOI":"10.1117\/12.981264"},{"key":"ref_9","first-page":"C02016","article-title":"A model for the diffuse attenuation coefficient of downwelling irradiance","volume":"110","author":"Lee","year":"2005","journal-title":"J. Geophys. Res. Oceans"},{"key":"ref_10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"C09019","DOI":"10.1029\/2004JC002780","article-title":"Penetration of solar radiation in the upper ocean\u2014A numerical model for oceanic and coastal waters","volume":"110","author":"Lee","year":"2005","journal-title":"J. Geophys. Res. Oceans"},{"key":"ref_11","first-page":"11","article-title":"Bringing Biogeochemistry into the Argo Age","volume":"97","author":"Johnson","year":"2016","journal-title":"Eos"},{"key":"ref_12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"23","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev-marine-010419-010956","article-title":"Observing the Global Ocean with Biogeochemical-Argo","volume":"12","author":"Claustre","year":"2020","journal-title":"Annu. Rev. Mar. Sci."},{"key":"ref_13","unstructured":"Johnson, K., and Claustre, H. (2016). The Scientific Rationale, Design, and Implementation Plan for a Biogeochemical-Argo Float Array, Ifremer."},{"key":"ref_14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"439","DOI":"10.3389\/fmars.2019.00439","article-title":"On the Future of Argo: A Global, Full-Depth, Multi-Disciplinary Array","volume":"6","author":"Roemmich","year":"2019","journal-title":"Front. Mar. Sci."},{"key":"ref_15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"861","DOI":"10.5194\/essd-9-861-2017","article-title":"Two databases derived from BGC-Argo float measurements for marine biogeochemical and bio-optical applications","volume":"9","author":"Organelli","year":"2017","journal-title":"Earth Syst. Sci. Data"},{"key":"ref_16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3543","DOI":"10.1002\/2016JC012629","article-title":"Bio-optical anomalies in the world\u2019s oceans: An investigation on the diffuse attenuation coefficients for downward irradiance derived from Biogeochemical Argo float measurements","volume":"122","author":"Organelli","year":"2017","journal-title":"J. Geophys. Res. Oceans"},{"key":"ref_17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"856","DOI":"10.1002\/2013GB004781","article-title":"Understanding the seasonal dynamics of phytoplankton biomass and the deep chlorophyll maximum in oligotrophic environments: A Bio-Argo float investigation","volume":"28","author":"Mignot","year":"2014","journal-title":"Glob. Biogeochem. Cycles"},{"key":"ref_18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1321","DOI":"10.5194\/bg-16-1321-2019","article-title":"Bio-optical characterization of subsurface chlorophyll maxima in the Mediterranean Sea from a Biogeochemical-Argo float database","volume":"16","author":"Barbieux","year":"2019","journal-title":"Biogeosciences"},{"key":"ref_19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2527","DOI":"10.5194\/bg-16-2527-2019","article-title":"Merging bio-optical data from Biogeochemical-Argo floats and models in marine biogeochemistry","volume":"16","author":"Lazzari","year":"2019","journal-title":"Biogeosciences"},{"key":"ref_20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"C06020","DOI":"10.1029\/2010JC006899","article-title":"Combined processing and mutual interpretation of radiometry and fluorimetry from autonomous profiling Bio-Argo floats: Chlorophyll a retrieval","volume":"116","author":"Xing","year":"2011","journal-title":"J. Geophys. Res. Oceans"},{"key":"ref_21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"C04022","DOI":"10.1029\/2011JC007632","article-title":"Combined processing and mutual interpretation of radiometry and fluorometry from autonomous profiling Bio-Argo floats: 2. Colored dissolved organic matter absorption retrieval","volume":"117","author":"Xing","year":"2012","journal-title":"J. Geophys. Res. Oceans"},{"key":"ref_22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"24734","DOI":"10.1364\/OE.26.024734","article-title":"Improved correction for non-photochemical quenching of in situ chlorophyll fluorescence based on the synchronous irradiance profile","volume":"26","author":"Xing","year":"2018","journal-title":"Opt. Express"},{"key":"ref_23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2112","DOI":"10.4319\/lo.2008.53.5_part_2.2112","article-title":"Observations of pigment and particle distributions in the western North Atlantic from an autonomous float and ocean color satellite","volume":"53","author":"Boss","year":"2008","journal-title":"Limnol. Oceanogr."},{"key":"ref_24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6668","DOI":"10.1002\/2017JC012839","article-title":"Annual nitrate drawdown observed by SOCCOM profiling floats and the relationship to annual net community production","volume":"122","author":"Johnson","year":"2017","journal-title":"J. Geophys. Res. Oceans"},{"key":"ref_25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6583","DOI":"10.1002\/2017JC012844","article-title":"Revisiting Ocean Color algorithms for chlorophyll a and particulate organic carbon in the Southern Ocean using biogeochemical floats","volume":"122","author":"Boss","year":"2017","journal-title":"J. Geophys. Res. Oceans"},{"key":"ref_26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"937","DOI":"10.1175\/JTECH-D-15-0193.1","article-title":"A Novel Near-Real-Time Quality-Control Procedure for Radiometric Profiles Measured by Bio-Argo Floats: Protocols and Performances","volume":"33","author":"Organelli","year":"2016","journal-title":"J. Atmos. Oceans Technol."},{"key":"ref_27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Barbieux, M., Organelli, E., Claustre, H., Schmechtig, C., Poteau, A., Boss, E., Bricaud, A., Briggs, N., Dall\u2019Olmo, G., and D\u2019Ortenzio, F. (2017). A global database of vertical profiles derived from Biogeochemical Argo float measurements for biogeochemical and bio-optical applications. SEANOE.","DOI":"10.5194\/essd-2017-58"},{"key":"ref_28","unstructured":"(2020, July 22). NASA (2020), Available online: https:\/\/oceancolor.gsfc.nasa.gov\/atbd\/kd_490\/."},{"key":"ref_29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"69","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rse.2007.03.012","article-title":"Examining the consistency of products derived from various ocean color sensors in open ocean (Case 1) waters in the perspective of a multi-sensor approach","volume":"111","author":"Morel","year":"2007","journal-title":"Remote. Sens. Environ."},{"key":"ref_30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4241","DOI":"10.1002\/jgrc.20308","article-title":"Penetration of UV-visible solar radiation in the global oceans: Insights from ocean color remote sensing","volume":"118","author":"Lee","year":"2013","journal-title":"J. Geophys. Res. Oceans"},{"key":"ref_31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"18603","DOI":"10.1029\/2010GL044174","article-title":"In situ evaluation of the initiation of the North Atlantic phytoplankton bloom","volume":"37","author":"Boss","year":"2010","journal-title":"Geophys. Res. Lett."},{"key":"ref_32","first-page":"C03009","article-title":"Euphotic zone depth: Its derivation and implication to ocean-color remote sensing","volume":"112","author":"Lee","year":"2007","journal-title":"J. Geophys. Res. Oceans"},{"key":"ref_33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6549","DOI":"10.1364\/AO.51.006549","article-title":"Improved irradiances for use in ocean heating, primary production, and photo-oxidation calculations","volume":"51","author":"Mobley","year":"2012","journal-title":"Appl. Opt."},{"key":"ref_34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5755","DOI":"10.1364\/AO.41.005755","article-title":"Deriving inherent optical properties from water color: A multi-band quasi-analytical algorithm for optically deep waters","volume":"41","author":"Lee","year":"2002","journal-title":"Appl. Opt."},{"key":"ref_35","unstructured":"(2020, July 22). NASA (2020), Available online: https:\/\/oceancolor.gsfc.nasa.gov\/atbd\/chlor_a\/."},{"key":"ref_36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"413","DOI":"10.1364\/AO.14.000413","article-title":"Estimation of the depth of sunlight penetration in the sea for remote sensing","volume":"14","author":"Gordon","year":"1975","journal-title":"Appl. Opt."},{"key":"ref_37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2179","DOI":"10.5194\/bg-12-2179-2015","article-title":"A simple optical index shows spatial and temporal heterogeneity in phytoplankton community composition during the 2008 North Atlantic Bloom Experiment","volume":"12","author":"Perry","year":"2015","journal-title":"Biogeosciences"},{"key":"ref_38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"13577","DOI":"10.1364\/OE.25.013577","article-title":"Vertically- resolved phytoplankton carbon and net primary production from a high spectral resolution lidar","volume":"25","author":"Schulien","year":"2017","journal-title":"Opt. Express"},{"key":"ref_39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1447","DOI":"10.5194\/bg-16-1447-2019","article-title":"Vertical distribution of chlorophyll in dynamically distinct regions of the southern Bay of Bengal","volume":"16","author":"Thushara","year":"2019","journal-title":"Biogeosciences"},{"key":"ref_40","first-page":"49","article-title":"Should we continue to use the 1% light depth for estimating the compensation depth of phytoplankton for another 70 years?","volume":"13","author":"Banse","year":"2004","journal-title":"Limnol. Oceanogr."},{"key":"ref_41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1111\/gcb.13858","article-title":"Student\u2019s tutorial on bloom hypotheses in the context of phytoplankton annual cycles","volume":"24","author":"Behrenfeld","year":"2018","journal-title":"Glob. Chang. Biol."},{"key":"ref_42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"C01011","DOI":"10.1029\/2011JC007395","article-title":"Chlorophyll a algorithms for oligotrophic oceans: A novel approach based on three-band reflectance difference","volume":"117","author":"Hu","year":"2012","journal-title":"J. Geophys. Res. Oceans"},{"key":"ref_43","unstructured":"Fanton d\u2019Andon, O., Mangin, A., Lavender, S., Antoine, D., Maritorena, S., Morel, A., Barrot, G., Demaria, J., and Pinnock, S. (2009, January 12\u201317). GlobColour\u2014The European Service for Ocean Colour. Proceedings of the 2009 IEEE International Geoscience & Remote Sensing Symposium, Cape Town, South Africa."},{"key":"ref_44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5698","DOI":"10.1364\/OE.17.005698","article-title":"Scattering by pure seawater: Effect of salinity","volume":"17","author":"Zhang","year":"2009","journal-title":"Opt. Express"},{"key":"ref_45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"12","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rse.2006.01.015","article-title":"A multi-sensor approach for the on-orbit validation of ocean color satellite data products","volume":"102","author":"Bailey","year":"2006","journal-title":"Remote Sens. Environ."},{"key":"ref_46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"90","DOI":"10.3389\/fmars.2017.00090","article-title":"Light absorption by phytoplankton in the upper mixed layer of the Black Sea: Seasonality and Parametrization","volume":"4","author":"Churilova","year":"2017","journal-title":"Front. Mar. Sci."},{"key":"ref_47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"C08005","DOI":"10.1029\/2005JC003207","article-title":"Vertical distribution of phytoplankton communities in open ocean: An assessment based on surface chlorophyll","volume":"111","author":"Uitz","year":"2006","journal-title":"J. Geophys. Res. Oceans"},{"key":"ref_48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1479","DOI":"10.4319\/lo.1997.42.7.1479","article-title":"A consumer\u2019s guide to phytoplankton primary productivity models","volume":"42","author":"Behrenfeld","year":"1997","journal-title":"Limnol. Oceanogr."},{"key":"ref_49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3139","DOI":"10.5194\/bg-7-3139-2010","article-title":"The most oligotrophic subtropical zones of the global ocean: Similarities and differences in terms of chlorophyll and yellow substance","volume":"7","author":"Morel","year":"2010","journal-title":"Biogeosciences"},{"key":"ref_50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"998","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rse.2009.01.008","article-title":"A simple band ratio technique to quantify the colored dissolved and detrital organic material from ocean color remotely sensed data","volume":"113","author":"Morel","year":"2009","journal-title":"Remote Sens. Environ."},{"key":"ref_51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1961","DOI":"10.1093\/icesjms\/fsv006","article-title":"Characterizing upper-ocean mixing and its effect on the spring phytoplankton bloom with in situ data","volume":"72","author":"Brody","year":"2015","journal-title":"Ices J. Mar. Sci."},{"key":"ref_52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jmarsys.2015.06.004","article-title":"Mixed layer depth and chlorophyll a: Profiling float observations in the Kuroshio-Oyashio Extension region","volume":"151","author":"Itoh","year":"2015","journal-title":"J. Marine Systems"},{"key":"ref_53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9999","DOI":"10.1002\/2016JC012052","article-title":"Physical and Biogeochemical Controls of the Phytoplankton Blooms in North Western Mediterranean Sea: A Multiplatform Approach Over a Complete Annual Cycle (2012\u20132013 DEWEX Experiment)","volume":"122","author":"Mayot","year":"2017","journal-title":"J. Geophys. Res. Oceans"},{"key":"ref_54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Balaguru, K., Doney, S.C., Bianucci, L., Rasch, P.J., Leung, L.R., Yoon, J.-H., and Lima, I.D. (2018). Linking deep convection and phytoplankton blooms in the northern Labrador Sea in a changing climate. PLoS ONE, 13.","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0191509"},{"key":"ref_55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"315","DOI":"10.1038\/s43017-020-0053-y","article-title":"Monitoring ocean biogeochemistry with autonomous platforms","volume":"1","author":"Chai","year":"2020","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Earth Environ."},{"key":"ref_56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"30","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pocean.2013.11.008","article-title":"Connections between physical, optical and biogeochemical processes in the Pacific Ocean","volume":"122","author":"Xiu","year":"2014","journal-title":"Progr. Oceanogr."},{"key":"ref_57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"10749","DOI":"10.1029\/JC093iC09p10749","article-title":"Optical modeling of the upper ocean in relation to its biogenous matter content","volume":"93","author":"Morel","year":"1988","journal-title":"J. Geophys. Res."},{"key":"ref_58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"159","DOI":"10.18307\/2009.0202","article-title":"KPAR: An optical property associated with ambiguous values","volume":"21","author":"Lee","year":"2009","journal-title":"J. Lake Sci."},{"key":"ref_59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"GB2024","DOI":"10.1029\/2007GB003078","article-title":"Carbon-based primary productivity modeling with vertically resolved photoacclimation","volume":"22","author":"Westberry","year":"2008","journal-title":"Glob. Biogeochem. Cycles"},{"key":"ref_60","unstructured":"Joint Committee for Guides in Metrology (2020, July 22). Evaluation of Measurement Data\u2014Guide to the Expression of Uncertainty in Measurement, Available online: https:\/\/ncc.nesdis.noaa.gov\/documents\/documentation\/JCGM_100_2008_E.pdf."},{"key":"ref_61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"679","DOI":"10.5194\/bg-5-679-2008","article-title":"Introduction to the special section: Bio-optical and biogeochemical conditions in the South East Pacific in late 2004\u2014The BIOSOPE program","volume":"5","author":"Claustre","year":"2008","journal-title":"Biogeosciences"},{"key":"ref_62","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7163","DOI":"10.1029\/2000JC000319","article-title":"Bio-optical properties of oceanic waters: A reappraisal","volume":"106","author":"Morel","year":"2001","journal-title":"J. Geophys. Res. Oceans"}],"container-title":["Remote Sensing"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2072-4292\/12\/15\/2367\/pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,11]],"date-time":"2025-10-11T09:51:11Z","timestamp":1760176271000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2072-4292\/12\/15\/2367"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2020,7,23]]},"references-count":62,"journal-issue":{"issue":"15","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,8]]}},"alternative-id":["rs12152367"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/rs12152367","relation":{},"ISSN":["2072-4292"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2072-4292","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2020,7,23]]}}}