{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,27]],"date-time":"2026-05-27T18:14:56Z","timestamp":1779905696464,"version":"3.53.1"},"reference-count":32,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"15","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,7,29]],"date-time":"2020-07-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1595980800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Remote Sensing"],"abstract":"<jats:p>We developed a new boundary-included inversion model to improve the terrestrial water storage (TWS) inverted from regional GPS vertical deformation data. Through defining a new disc load empirical function (DLEF) and considering the mass change effect from the near but outside region, the result shows the TWS is more reasonable than the one inverted directly. Six simulation tests further confirmed the effectiveness of the boundary-included model. Finally, our new boundary-included model was used to derive the TWS in the Pacific Rim of the western United States based on the GPS-observed vertical deformation information. The inversion results show that our boundary-included inversion model can effectively improve the inversion results by 10\u201320% in terms of variance reduction in the boundary regions.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/rs12152429","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,7,29]],"date-time":"2020-07-29T07:31:45Z","timestamp":1596007905000},"page":"2429","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["Boundary-Included Enhanced Water Storage Changes Inferred by GPS in the Pacific Rim of the Western United States"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"12","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0948-5537","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yingchun","family":"Shen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Geodesy and Earth\u2019s Dynamics, Institute of Geodesy and Geophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430077, China"},{"name":"University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Haoming","family":"Yan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Geodesy and Earth\u2019s Dynamics, Institute of Geodesy and Geophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430077, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Peng","family":"Peng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Geodesy and Earth\u2019s Dynamics, Institute of Geodesy and Geophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430077, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8873-0750","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Wei","family":"Feng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Geodesy and Earth\u2019s Dynamics, Institute of Geodesy and Geophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430077, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6815-2006","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Zizhan","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Geodesy and Earth\u2019s Dynamics, Institute of Geodesy and Geophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430077, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yunji","family":"Song","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Qingdao Surveying and Mapping Institute, Qingdao 266034, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xixuan","family":"Bai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Wuhan Institute of Technology, Wuhan 430205, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,7,29]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Tapley, B.D., Bettadpur, S., Watkins, M., and Reigber, C. 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