{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,1]],"date-time":"2026-05-01T16:50:22Z","timestamp":1777654222769,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":51,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"16","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,8,15]],"date-time":"2020-08-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1597449600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["41771415"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["41771415"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["41930102"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["41930102"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100012246","name":"Priority Academic Program Development of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["164320H116"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["164320H116"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100012246","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Remote Sensing"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Gullies in the Loess Plateau of China vary in developmental stages and morphologic sizes. In this case study, in Linjialian watershed in the loess hilly region, we introduced some perspectives from population ecology to explore the population characteristics of the loess gully system. Different types of gullies were extracted based on the digital elevation model and imagery data. Population analysis was then carried out from three aspects, namely, quantity, structure, and distribution. Results showed that in terms of the quantity, hillslope ephemeral gullies (187 numbers\/km2 in number density) and bank gullies (8.3 km\/km2 in length density) are the most active gullies in this area with an exponential growth trend, and the hillslope ephemeral gully is the dominant type. Along with age structure analysis, the pyramid-shaped age structure indicated that the gully system is at its early or middle stages of development. The spatial distribution of hillslope ephemeral gullies has a clear aspect asymmetry pattern, and the bank gully distribution is symmetrical. A hierarchical structure (hillslope ephemeral gully\u2013bank gully\u2013valley gully in upslope\u2013shoulder line\u2013bottom area) in an elevation distribution is presented. These preliminary results are helpful for further understanding the organized, systematic development, and evolution of the gully system.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/rs12162639","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,8,17]],"date-time":"2020-08-17T04:35:51Z","timestamp":1597638951000},"page":"2639","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":26,"title":["Population Characteristics of Loess Gully System in the Loess Plateau of China"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"12","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6696-975X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jiaming","family":"Na","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of Virtual Geographic Environment (Nanjing Normal University), Ministry of Education, Nanjing 210023, China"},{"name":"State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base of Geographical Environment Evolution (Jiangsu Province), Nanjing 210023, China"},{"name":"School of Geography, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Xin","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of Virtual Geographic Environment (Nanjing Normal University), Ministry of Education, Nanjing 210023, China"},{"name":"State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base of Geographical Environment Evolution (Jiangsu Province), Nanjing 210023, China"},{"name":"School of Geography, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Guoan","family":"Tang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of Virtual Geographic Environment (Nanjing Normal University), Ministry of Education, Nanjing 210023, China"},{"name":"State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base of Geographical Environment Evolution (Jiangsu Province), Nanjing 210023, China"},{"name":"Jiangsu Center for Collaborative Innovation in Geographical Information Resource Development and Application, Nanjing 210023, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Weiqin","family":"Dang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Suide Station for Soil and Water Conservation Research, Management Committee of Yellow River Water Conservancy, Yulin 719000, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6234-9812","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Josef","family":"Strobl","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Geoinformatics\u2013Z_GIS, University of Salzburg, Salzburg 5020, Austria"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,8,15]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","first-page":"321","article-title":"The classification of gully in hilly loess region in the middle reaches of the yellow river","volume":"4","author":"Chen","year":"1984","journal-title":"Sci. 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