{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,17]],"date-time":"2026-03-17T22:33:12Z","timestamp":1773786792861,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":47,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"16","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,8,16]],"date-time":"2020-08-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1597536000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000038","name":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["CRDPJ507141-16"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["CRDPJ507141-16"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000038","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Remote Sensing"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Unmanned aircraft systems (UAS) have been proven cost- and time-effective remote-sensing platforms for precision agriculture applications. This study presents a method for automatic delineation of field areas and boundaries that uses UAS multispectral orthomosaics acquired over 7 vegetated fields having a variety of crops in Prince Edward Island (PEI). This information is needed by crop insurance agencies and growers for an accurate determination of crop insurance premiums. The field areas and boundaries were delineated by applying both a pixel-based and an object-based supervised random forest (RF) classifier applied to reflectance and vegetation index images, followed by a vectorization pipeline. Both methodologies performed exceptionally well, resulting in a mean area goodness of fit (AGoF) for the field areas greater than 98% and a mean boundary mean positional error (BMPE) lower than 0.8 m for the seven surveyed fields.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/rs12162640","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,8,17]],"date-time":"2020-08-17T04:35:51Z","timestamp":1597638951000},"page":"2640","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":12,"title":["Delineation of Crop Field Areas and Boundaries from UAS Imagery Using PBIA and GEOBIA with Random Forest Classification"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"12","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5407-3024","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Odysseas","family":"Vlachopoulos","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Forestry and Environmental Management, University of New Brunswick, 2 Bailey Dr, Fredericton, NB E3B5A3, Canada"}]},{"given":"Brigitte","family":"Leblon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Forestry and Environmental Management, University of New Brunswick, 2 Bailey Dr, Fredericton, NB E3B5A3, Canada"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8404-0530","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jinfei","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Geography, The University of Western Ontario, 1151 Richmond Street, London, ON N6A 5C2, Canada"}]},{"given":"Ataollah","family":"Haddadi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"A&amp;L Canada Laboratories, 2136 Jetstream Rd., London, ON N5V 3P5, Canada"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2509-0167","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Armand","family":"LaRocque","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Forestry and Environmental Management, University of New Brunswick, 2 Bailey Dr, Fredericton, NB E3B5A3, Canada"}]},{"given":"Greg","family":"Patterson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"A&amp;L Canada Laboratories, 2136 Jetstream Rd., London, ON N5V 3P5, Canada"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,8,16]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"111253","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rse.2019.111253","article-title":"Delineation of agricultural fields in smallholder farms from satellite images using fully convolutional networks and combinatorial grouping","volume":"231","author":"Persello","year":"2019","journal-title":"Remote Sens. 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