{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,16]],"date-time":"2026-03-16T04:01:47Z","timestamp":1773633707236,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":30,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"16","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,8,16]],"date-time":"2020-08-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1597536000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100014440","name":"Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovaci\u00f3n y Universidades","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["ENE2017-83790-C3-1, 2 and 3"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["ENE2017-83790-C3-1, 2 and 3"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100014440","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100014440","name":"Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovaci\u00f3n y Universidades","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["ENE2014-59454-C3-1, 2 and 3"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["ENE2014-59454-C3-1, 2 and 3"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100014440","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100008530","name":"European Regional Development Fund","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["ENE2017-83790-C3-1, 2 and 3"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["ENE2017-83790-C3-1, 2 and 3"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100008530","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100008530","name":"European Regional Development Fund","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["ENE2014-59454-C3-1, 2 and 3"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["ENE2014-59454-C3-1, 2 and 3"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100008530","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Remote Sensing"],"abstract":"<jats:p>The atmospheric conditions existing where concentrated solar power plants (CSP) are installed need to be carefully studied. A very important reason for this is because the presence of clouds causes drops in electricity generated from solar energy. Therefore, forecasting the cloud displacement trajectory in real time is one of the functions and tools that CSP operators must develop for plant optimization, and to anticipate drops in solar irradiance. For short forecast of cloud movement (10 min) is enough with describe the cloud advection while for longer forecast (over 15 min), it is necessary to predict both advection and cloud changes. In this paper, we present a model that predict only the cloud advection displacement trajectory for different sky conditions and cloud types at the pixel level, using images obtained from a sky camera, as well as mathematical methods and the Lucas-Kanade method to measure optical flow. In the short term, up to 10 min the future position of the cloud front is predicted with 92% certainty while for 25\u201330 min, the best predicted precision was 82%.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/rs12162643","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,8,17]],"date-time":"2020-08-17T04:35:51Z","timestamp":1597638951000},"page":"2643","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":19,"title":["Determination of Cloud Motion Applying the Lucas-Kanade Method to Sky Cam Imagery"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"12","author":[{"given":"Rom\u00e1n","family":"Mondrag\u00f3n","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Solar Radiation at the Geophysics, Institute of the National Autonomous, University of M\u00e9xico, M\u00e9xico City 4513, Mexico"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0902-5680","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Joaqu\u00edn","family":"Alonso-Montesinos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemistry and Physics, University of Almer\u00eda, 04120 Almer\u00eda, Spain"},{"name":"CIESOL, Joint Centre of the University of Almer\u00eda-CIEMAT, 04120 Almer\u00eda, Spain"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4213-7043","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"David","family":"Riveros-Rosas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Solar Radiation at the Geophysics, Institute of the National Autonomous, University of M\u00e9xico, M\u00e9xico City 4513, Mexico"}]},{"given":"Roberto","family":"Bonifaz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Solar Radiation at the Geophysics, Institute of the National Autonomous, University of M\u00e9xico, M\u00e9xico City 4513, Mexico"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,8,16]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","first-page":"131","article-title":"El clima de la Ciudad de M\u00e9xico","volume":"1","year":"2000","journal-title":"Temas Selectos de Geograf\u00eda de M\u00e9xico"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6367","DOI":"10.1080\/01431161.2010.510489","article-title":"Hydrometeor vertical characterization of precipitating clouds over the Mexico Basin","volume":"32","author":"Montero","year":"2011","journal-title":"Int. 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