{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,24]],"date-time":"2026-03-24T18:10:23Z","timestamp":1774375823967,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":34,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"17","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,8,19]],"date-time":"2020-08-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1597795200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000844","name":"European Space Agency","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["4000124211\/18\/I-EF"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["4000124211\/18\/I-EF"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000844","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Remote Sensing"],"abstract":"<jats:p>During its commissioning phase, the Copernicus Sentinel-3B satellite has been placed in a tandem formation with Sentinel-3A for a period of 6 months. This configuration allowed a direct comparison of measurements obtained by the two satellites. The purpose of this paper was to present the range of analyses that can be performed from this dataset, highlighting methodology aspects and the main outcomes for each instrument. We examined, in turn, the benefit of the tandem in understanding instrument operational modes differences, in assessing inter-satellite differences, and in validating measurement uncertainties. The results highlighted the very good consistency of the Sentinel-3A and B instruments, ensuring the complete inter-operability of the constellation. Tandem comparisons also pave the way for further improvements through harmonization of the sensors (OLCI), correction of internal stray-light sources (SLSTR), or high-frequency processing of SRAL SARM data. This paper provided a comprehensive overview of the main results obtained, as well as insights into some of the results. Finally, we drew the main lessons learned from the Sentinel-3 tandem phase and provided recommendations for future missions.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/rs12172668","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,8,19]],"date-time":"2020-08-19T09:22:31Z","timestamp":1597828951000},"page":"2668","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":32,"title":["Benefits and Lessons Learned from the Sentinel-3 Tandem Phase"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"12","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7393-5910","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"S\u00e9bastien","family":"Clerc","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"ACRI-ST; 260 route du Pin Montard, 06410 Sophia Antipolis, France"}]},{"given":"Craig","family":"Donlon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"European Space Agency, European Space Research and Technology Centre (ESA ESTEC), Keplerlaan 1, AZ 2201 Noordwijk, The Netherlands"}]},{"given":"Franck","family":"Borde","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"European Space Agency, European Space Research and Technology Centre (ESA ESTEC), Keplerlaan 1, AZ 2201 Noordwijk, The Netherlands"}]},{"given":"Nicolas","family":"Lamquin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"ACRI-ST; 260 route du Pin Montard, 06410 Sophia Antipolis, France"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4176-9038","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Samuel E.","family":"Hunt","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Physical Laboratory, Teddington TW11 0LW, UK"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9795-8781","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Dave","family":"Smith","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Science and Technology Facilities Council (STFC), Rutherford Appleton Laboratory Space (RAL Space), Harwell Oxford OX11 0QX, UK"}]},{"given":"Malcolm","family":"McMillan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Lancaster Environment Centre, Lancaster University, Bailrigg, Lancaster LA1 4YW, UK"}]},{"given":"Jonathan","family":"Mittaz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Meteorology, University of Reading, Reading RG6 6AL, UK"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3517-1486","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Emma","family":"Woolliams","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Physical Laboratory, Teddington TW11 0LW, UK"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8918-2351","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Matthew","family":"Hammond","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Marine Physics and Ocean Climate group, National Oceanography Centre, European Way, Southampton SO14 3ZH, UK"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4457-0876","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Christopher","family":"Banks","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Marine Physics and Ocean Climate Group, National Oceanography Centre, Joseph Proudman Building, 6 Brownlow Street, Liverpool L3 5DA, UK"}]},{"given":"Thomas","family":"Moreau","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"CLS, Parc Technologique du Canal, 11 Rue Herm\u00e8s, 31520 Ramonville-Saint-Agne, France"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7918-2542","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Bruno","family":"Picard","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Fluctus, 81800 Rabastens, France"}]},{"given":"Matthias","family":"Raynal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"CLS, Parc Technologique du Canal, 11 Rue Herm\u00e8s, 31520 Ramonville-Saint-Agne, France"}]},{"given":"Pierre","family":"Rieu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"CLS, Parc Technologique du Canal, 11 Rue Herm\u00e8s, 31520 Ramonville-Saint-Agne, France"}]},{"given":"Adrien","family":"Gu\u00e9rou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"CLS, Parc Technologique du Canal, 11 Rue Herm\u00e8s, 31520 Ramonville-Saint-Agne, France"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,8,19]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"37","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rse.2011.07.024","article-title":"The Global Monitoring for Environment and Security (GMES) Sentinel-3 mission","volume":"120","author":"Donlon","year":"2012","journal-title":"Remote Sens. 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