{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,7]],"date-time":"2026-02-07T10:25:28Z","timestamp":1770459928662,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":55,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"17","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,8,21]],"date-time":"2020-08-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1597968000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Remote Sensing"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Rapid and frequent mapping of flood areas are essential for monitoring and mitigating flood disasters. The Advanced Land Observing Satellite-2 (ALOS-2) carries an L-band synthetic aperture radar (SAR) capable of rapid and frequent disaster observations. In this study, we developed a fully automatic, fast computation, and robust method for detecting flood areas using ALOS-2 and hydrodynamic flood simulation data. This study is the first attempt to combine flood simulation data from the Today\u2019s Earth system (TE) with SAR-based disaster mapping. We used Bayesian inference to combine the amplitude\/coherence data by ALOS-2 and the flood fraction data by TE. Our experimental results used 12 flood observation sets of data from Japan and had high accuracy and robustness for use under various ALOS-2 observation conditions. Flood simulation contributed to improving the accuracy of flood detection and reducing computation time. Based on these findings, we also assessed the operability of our method and found that the combination of ALOS-2 and TE data with our analysis method was capable of daily flood monitoring.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/rs12172709","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,8,21]],"date-time":"2020-08-21T09:21:51Z","timestamp":1598001711000},"page":"2709","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":23,"title":["Automated Processing for Flood Area Detection Using ALOS-2 and Hydrodynamic Simulation Data"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"12","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6046-6396","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Masato","family":"Ohki","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Earth Observation Research Center, Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency, 2-1-1 Sengen, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8505, Japan"}]},{"given":"Kosuke","family":"Yamamoto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Earth Observation Research Center, Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency, 2-1-1 Sengen, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8505, Japan"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4313-5645","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Takeo","family":"Tadono","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Earth Observation Research Center, Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency, 2-1-1 Sengen, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8505, Japan"}]},{"given":"Kei","family":"Yoshimura","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Earth Observation Research Center, Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency, 2-1-1 Sengen, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8505, Japan"},{"name":"Institute of Industrial Science, The University of Tokyo, 5-1-5 Kashiwanoha, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8574, Japan"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,8,21]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","unstructured":"International Federation of Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies (2016). 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