{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,29]],"date-time":"2026-01-29T14:04:15Z","timestamp":1769695455189,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":66,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"18","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,9,14]],"date-time":"2020-09-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1600041600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["61971233"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["61971233"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["61672291"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["61672291"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["61972206"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["61972206"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["61672293"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["61672293"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["61702269"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["61702269"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004608","name":"Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["BK20171074"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["BK20171074"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004608","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Remote Sensing"],"abstract":"<jats:p>During the process of signal sampling and digital imaging, hyperspectral images (HSI) inevitably suffer from the contamination of mixed noises. The fidelity and efficiency of subsequent applications are considerably reduced along with this degradation. Recently, as a formidable implement for image processing, low-rank regularization has been widely extended to the restoration of HSI. Meanwhile, further exploration of the non-local self-similarity of low-rank images are proven useful in exploiting the spatial redundancy of HSI. Better preservation of spatial-spectral features is achieved under both low-rank and non-local regularizations. However, existing methods generally regularize the original space of HSI, the exploration of the intrinsic properties in subspace, which leads to better denoising performance, is relatively rare. To address these challenges, a joint method of subspace low-rank learning and non-local 4-d transform filtering, named SLRL4D, is put forward for HSI restoration. Technically, the original HSI is projected into a low-dimensional subspace. Then, both spectral and spatial correlations are explored simultaneously by imposing low-rank learning and non-local 4-d transform filtering on the subspace. The alternating direction method of multipliers-based algorithm is designed to solve the formulated convex signal-noise isolation problem. Finally, experiments on multiple datasets are conducted to illustrate the accuracy and efficiency of SLRL4D.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/rs12182979","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,9,14]],"date-time":"2020-09-14T09:04:53Z","timestamp":1600074293000},"page":"2979","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":30,"title":["SLRL4D: Joint Restoration of Subspace Low-Rank Learning and Non-Local 4-D Transform Filtering for Hyperspectral Image"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"12","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6465-8678","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Le","family":"Sun","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Computer and Software, Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology (NUIST), Nanjing 210044, China"},{"name":"Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Atmospheric Environment and Equipment Technology, NUIST, Nanjing 210044, China"},{"name":"Jiangsu Engineering Center of Network Monitoring, NUIST, Nanjing 210044, China"},{"name":"Henan Key Laboratory of Food Safety Data Intelligence, Zhengzhou University of Light Industry, Zhengzhou 450002, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Chengxun","family":"He","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Computer and Software, Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology (NUIST), Nanjing 210044, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4408-3800","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yuhui","family":"Zheng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Computer and Software, Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology (NUIST), Nanjing 210044, China"},{"name":"Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Atmospheric Environment and Equipment Technology, NUIST, Nanjing 210044, China"},{"name":"Jiangsu Engineering Center of Network Monitoring, NUIST, Nanjing 210044, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Songze","family":"Tang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Criminal Science and Technology, Nanjing Forest Police College, Nanjing 210023, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,9,14]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6","DOI":"10.1109\/MGRS.2013.2244672","article-title":"Hyperspectral remote sensing data analysis and future challenges","volume":"1","author":"Plaza","year":"2013","journal-title":"IEEE Geosci. 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