{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,6]],"date-time":"2026-03-06T04:15:56Z","timestamp":1772770556925,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":51,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"19","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,10,4]],"date-time":"2020-10-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1601769600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100005844","name":"Universitas Diponegoro","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["329-121\/UN7.P4.3\/PP\/2019"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["329-121\/UN7.P4.3\/PP\/2019"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100005844","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"World Class Professor Program, Indonesian Ministry of Education and Culture","award":["101.2\/E4.3\/KU\/2020"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["101.2\/E4.3\/KU\/2020"]}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004020","name":"Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["JX-PSPC-434772"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["JX-PSPC-434772"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004020","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"NASA grant through the University of Maryland, College Park","award":["#80NSSC18K0777 and NNX17AE79A"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["#80NSSC18K0777 and NNX17AE79A"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Remote Sensing"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Near-surface diurnal warming is an important process in the climate system, driving exchanges of water vapor and heat between the ocean and the atmosphere. The occurrence of the hot event (HE) is associated with the high diurnal sea surface temperature amplitude (\u03b4SST), which is defined as the difference between daily maximum and minimum sea surface temperature (SST). However, previous studies still show some inconsistency for the area of HE occurrence and high \u03b4SST. The present study produces global \u03b4SST data based on the SST, sea surface wind data derived from microwave radiometers, and solar radiation data obtained from visible\/infrared radiometers. The value of \u03b4SSTs are estimated and validated over tropical oceans and then used for investigating HE in the western equatorial Pacific. A three-way error analysis was conducted using in situ mooring buoy arrays and geostationary SST measurements by the Himawari-8 and Geostationary Operational Environmental Satellite (GOES). The standard deviation error of daily and 10-day validation is around 0.3 \u00b0C and 0.14\u20130.19 \u00b0C, respectively. Our case study in the western Pacific (from 110\u00b0E to 150\u00b0W) shows that the area of HE occurrence coincided well with the area of high \u03b4SST. Climatological analysis shows that the collocated area between high occurrence rate of HE and high \u03b4SST, which coincides with the western Pacific warm pool region in all seasons. Thus, this study provides more persuasive evidence of the relation between HE occurrence and high \u03b4SST.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/rs12193230","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,10,5]],"date-time":"2020-10-05T08:35:57Z","timestamp":1601886957000},"page":"3230","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":11,"title":["Variability of Diurnal Sea Surface Temperature during Short Term and High SST Event in the Western Equatorial Pacific as Revealed by Satellite Data"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"12","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1030-5126","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Anindya","family":"Wirasatriya","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Oceanography, Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Sciences, Diponegoro University, Semarang, Jawa Tengah 50275, Indonesia"},{"name":"Center for Coastal Disaster Mitigation and Rehabilitation Studies, Diponegoro University, Semarang, Jawa Tengah 50275, Indonesia"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8352-5878","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kohtaro","family":"Hosoda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Weathernews Inc. Makuhari Techno Garden, Nakase 1-3 Mihama-ku, Chiba-shi 261-8501, Japan"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2948-9204","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Joga Dharma","family":"Setiawan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Coastal Disaster Mitigation and Rehabilitation Studies, Diponegoro University, Semarang, Jawa Tengah 50275, Indonesia"},{"name":"Department of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Diponegoro University, Semarang, Jawa Tengah 50275, Indonesia"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1495-5951","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"R. Dwi","family":"Susanto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Atmospheric and Oceanic Science, University of Maryland, Maryland, MD 20742, USA"},{"name":"Faculty of Earth Science and Technology, Bandung Institute of Technology, Bandung, Jawa Barat 40132, Indonesia"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,10,4]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"827","DOI":"10.1175\/1520-0485(1986)016<0827:LDSSTV>2.0.CO;2","article-title":"Large Diurnal Sea Surface Temperature Variability: Satellite and In Situ Measurements","volume":"16","author":"Stramma","year":"1986","journal-title":"J. Phys. Oceanogr."},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"14480","DOI":"10.1029\/JC092iC13p14480","article-title":"Diurnal response of sea surface temperature observed at the long-term upper ocean study (34\u00b0N, 70\u00b0W) in the Sargasso Sea","volume":"92","author":"Price","year":"1987","journal-title":"J. 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