{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,14]],"date-time":"2026-07-14T05:52:27Z","timestamp":1784008347534,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":66,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"20","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,10,16]],"date-time":"2020-10-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1602806400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["41771440"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["41771440"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100012226","name":"Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2042020kf0201"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2042020kf0201"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100012226","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Remote Sensing"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Visible and near-infrared reflectance (VIS-NIR) spectroscopy is widely applied to estimate soil organic carbon (SOC). Intense and diverse human activities increase the heterogeneity in the relationships between SOC and VIS-NIR spectra in anthropogenic soil. This fact results in poor performance of SOC estimation models. To improve model accuracy and parsimony, we investigated the performance of two variable selection algorithms, namely competitive adaptive reweighted sampling (CARS) and random frog (RF), coupled with five spectral pretreatments. A total of 108 samples were collected from Jianghan Plain, China, with the SOC content and VIS-NIR spectra measured in the laboratory. Results showed that both CARS and RF coupled with partial least squares regression (PLSR) outperformed PLSR alone in terms of higher model accuracy and less spectral variables. It revealed that spectral variable selection could identify important spectral variables that account for the relationships between SOC and VIS-NIR spectra, thereby improving the accuracy and parsimony of PLSR models in anthropogenic soil. Our findings are of significant practical value to the SOC estimation in anthropogenic soil by VIS-NIR spectroscopy.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/rs12203394","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,10,17]],"date-time":"2020-10-17T05:45:51Z","timestamp":1602913551000},"page":"3394","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":39,"title":["Estimation of Organic Carbon in Anthropogenic Soil by VIS-NIR Spectroscopy: Effect of Variable Selection"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"12","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2305-0575","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lu","family":"Xu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Resource and Environmental Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430079, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yongsheng","family":"Hong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Resource and Environmental Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430079, China"},{"name":"Department of Environment, Ghent University, Coupure Links 653, 9000 Gent, Belgium"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yu","family":"Wei","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Resource and Environmental Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430079, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Long","family":"Guo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Resources and Environment, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tiezhu","family":"Shi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Architecture and Urban Planning &amp; MNR Key Laboratory for Geo-Environmental Monitoring of Great Bay Area &amp; Guangdong Key Laboratory of Urban Informatics &amp; Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Spatial Smart Sensing and Services, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yi","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Public Administration, Guangdong University of Finance &amp; Economics, Guangzhou 510320, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Qinghu","family":"Jiang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of Aquatic Botany and Watershed Ecology, Wuhan Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430074, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3415-1654","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Teng","family":"Fei","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Resource and Environmental Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430079, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yaolin","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Resource and Environmental Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430079, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Abdul M.","family":"Mouazen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Environment, Ghent University, Coupure Links 653, 9000 Gent, Belgium"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7442-3239","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yiyun","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Resource and Environmental Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430079, China"},{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,10,16]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","first-page":"49","article-title":"Persistence of Soil Organic Matter as an Ecosystem Property","volume":"478","author":"Schmidt","year":"2011","journal-title":"Nat. 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