{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,7]],"date-time":"2026-10-07T15:22:10Z","timestamp":1791386530415,"version":"4.3.3"},"reference-count":47,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"21","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,10,27]],"date-time":"2020-10-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1603756800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Remote Sensing"],"abstract":"<jats:p>An increasing number of satellite platforms provide daily images of the Earth\u2019s surface that can be used in quantitative monitoring applications. However, their cost and the need for specific processing software make such products not often suitable for rapid mapping and deformation tracking. Google Earth images have been used in a number of mapping applications and, due to their free and rapid accessibility, they have contributed to partially overcome this issue. However, their potential in Earth\u2019s surface displacement tracking has not yet been explored. In this paper, that aspect is analyzed providing a specific procedure and related MATLAB\u2122 code to derive displacement field maps using digital image correlation of successive Google Earth images. The suitability of the procedure and the potential of such images are demonstrated here through their application to two relevant case histories, namely the Slumgullion landslide in Colorado and the Miage debris-covered glacier in Italy. Result validation suggests the effectiveness of the proposed procedure in deriving Earth\u2019s surface displacement data from Google Earth images.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/rs12213518","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,10,27]],"date-time":"2020-10-27T09:22:45Z","timestamp":1603790565000},"page":"3518","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":27,"title":["Digital Image Correlation of Google Earth Images for Earth\u2019s Surface Displacement Estimation"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"12","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5837-5409","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Luigi","family":"Guerriero","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Environmental and Resource Sciences, Department of Earth, Federico II University of Naples, Monte Sant\u2019Angelo Campus, 80131 Naples, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0046-9530","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Diego","family":"Di Martire","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Environmental and Resource Sciences, Department of Earth, Federico II University of Naples, Monte Sant\u2019Angelo Campus, 80131 Naples, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3480-3667","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Domenico","family":"Calcaterra","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Environmental and Resource Sciences, Department of Earth, Federico II University of Naples, Monte Sant\u2019Angelo Campus, 80131 Naples, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6358-374X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mirko","family":"Francioni","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Engineering and Geology, University \u201cG. d\u2019Annunzio\u201d of Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,10,27]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Solari, L., Del Soldato, M., Raspini, F., Barra, A., Bianchini, S., Confuorto, P., Casagli, N., and Crosetto, M. 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