{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,22]],"date-time":"2026-04-22T10:10:32Z","timestamp":1776852632875,"version":"3.51.2"},"reference-count":105,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"22","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,11,11]],"date-time":"2020-11-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1605052800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100009509","name":"Kementerian Riset Teknologi Dan Pendidikan Tinggi Republik Indonesia","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["378\/B.05\/LPPM-Itenas\/IV\/2020"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["378\/B.05\/LPPM-Itenas\/IV\/2020"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100009509","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Remote Sensing"],"abstract":"<jats:p>In 1997, the worst forest fire in Indonesia occurred and hit mangrove forest areas including in Sembilang National Park Banyuasin Regency, South Sumatra. Therefore, the Indonesian government keeps in trying to rehabilitate the mangrove forest in Sembilang National Park. This study aimed to identify the mangrove forest changing and to predict on the future year. The situations before and after forest fire were analyzed. This study applied an integrated Markov Chain and Cellular Automata model to identify mangrove forest change in the interval years of 1989\u20132015 and predict it in 2028. Remote sensing technology is used based on Landsat satellite imagery (1989, 1998, 2002, and 2015). The results showed mangrove forest has decreased around 9.6% from 1989 to 1998 due to forest fire, and has increased by 8.4% between 1998 and 2002, and 2.3% in 2002\u20132015. Other results show that mangroves area has continued to increase from 2015 to 2028 by 27.4% to 31% (7974.8 ha). It shows that the mangrove ecosystem is periodically changing due to good management by the Indonesian government.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/rs12223700","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,11,11]],"date-time":"2020-11-11T19:08:28Z","timestamp":1605121708000},"page":"3700","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":19,"title":["Identification before-after Forest Fire and Prediction of Mangrove Forest Based on Markov-Cellular Automata in Part of Sembilang National Park, Banyuasin, South Sumatra, Indonesia"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"12","author":[{"given":"Soni","family":"Darmawan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Geodesy Engineering, Faculty of Civil Engineering and Planning, Institut Teknologi Nasional Bandung, PHH Mustofa No. 23, Bandung 40124, West Java, Indonesia"},{"name":"Center for Remote Sensing, Institut Teknologi Bandung, Ganesha No. 10, Bandung 40132, West Java, Indonesia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0928-739X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Dewi Kania","family":"Sari","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Geodesy Engineering, Faculty of Civil Engineering and Planning, Institut Teknologi Nasional Bandung, PHH Mustofa No. 23, Bandung 40124, West Java, Indonesia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ketut","family":"Wikantika","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Remote Sensing, Institut Teknologi Bandung, Ganesha No. 10, Bandung 40132, West Java, Indonesia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0070-883X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Anggun","family":"Tridawati","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Geodesy Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universitas Lampung, Prof. Dr. Ir. Sumantri Brojonegoro No. 1, Bandar Lampung 35141, Indonesia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0069-1572","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rika","family":"Hernawati","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Geodesy Engineering, Faculty of Civil Engineering and Planning, Institut Teknologi Nasional Bandung, PHH Mustofa No. 23, Bandung 40124, West Java, Indonesia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Maria Kurniawati","family":"Sedu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Geodesy Engineering, Faculty of Civil Engineering and Planning, Institut Teknologi Nasional Bandung, PHH Mustofa No. 23, Bandung 40124, West Java, Indonesia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,11,11]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","unstructured":"Nybakken, J.W., and Eidman, H.M. (1992). 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