{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,23]],"date-time":"2025-12-23T15:43:59Z","timestamp":1766504639432,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":83,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"22","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,11,12]],"date-time":"2020-11-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1605139200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Fondazione Cariplo within the AGER Project IPCC-MOUPA (Interdisciplinary Project for assessing current and expected Climate Change impacts on MOUntain Pastures)","award":["IPCC-MOUPA"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["IPCC-MOUPA"]}]},{"name":"DARA - Department for regional affairs and autonomies - of the Italian Presidency of the Council of Ministers","award":["DARA"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["DARA"]}]},{"name":"Levissima Sanpellegrino S.p.A.","award":["Levissima Sanpellegrino S.p.A."],"award-info":[{"award-number":["Levissima Sanpellegrino S.p.A."]}]},{"name":"Stelvio National Park","award":["ERSAF"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["ERSAF"]}]},{"name":"AlbaOptics","award":["AlbaOptics"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["AlbaOptics"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Remote Sensing"],"abstract":"<jats:p>The development of methods for quantifying meltwater from glaciated areas is very important for better management of water resources and because of the strong impact of current and expected climate change on the Alpine cryosphere. Radiative fluxes are the main melt-drivers, but they can generally not be derived from in situ measures because glaciers are usually located in remote areas where the number of meteorological stations is very low. For this reason, focusing, as a case study, on one of the few glaciers with a supraglacial automatic weather station (Forni Glacier), we investigated methods based on both satellite records and off-glacier surface observations to estimate incoming short- and long-wave radiation at the glacier surface (SWin and LWin). Specifically, for SWin, we considered CM SAF SARAH satellite gridded surface solar irradiance fields and data modeled by cloud transmissivity parametrized from both CM SAF COMET satellite cloud fractional cover fields and daily temperature range observed at the closest off-glacier station. We then used the latter two data sources to derive LWin too. Finally, we used the estimated SWin and LWin records to assess the errors obtained when introducing estimated rather than measured incoming radiation data to quantify glacier melting by means of an energy balance model. Our results suggest that estimated SWin and LWin records derived from satellite measures are in better agreement with in situ observations than estimated SWin and LWin records parametrized from observations performed at the closest off-glacier station. Moreover, we find that the former estimated records permit a significantly better quantification of glacier melting than the latter estimated ones.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/rs12223719","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,11,12]],"date-time":"2020-11-12T10:00:32Z","timestamp":1605175232000},"page":"3719","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":11,"title":["Comparing Measured Incoming Shortwave and Longwave Radiation on a Glacier Surface with Estimated Records from Satellite and Off-Glacier Observations: A Case Study for the Forni Glacier, Italy"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"12","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7190-3272","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Antonella","family":"Senese","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Environmental Science and Policy, Universit\u00e0 degli Studi di Milano, 20133 Milan, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9652-4228","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Veronica","family":"Manara","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Environmental Science and Policy, Universit\u00e0 degli Studi di Milano, 20133 Milan, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4110-9737","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Maurizio","family":"Maugeri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Environmental Science and Policy, Universit\u00e0 degli Studi di Milano, 20133 Milan, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3883-9309","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Guglielmina Adele","family":"Diolaiuti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Environmental Science and Policy, Universit\u00e0 degli Studi di Milano, 20133 Milan, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,11,12]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2197","DOI":"10.1002\/joc.1857","article-title":"Climate variability and change in the Greater Alpine Region over the last two centuries based on multi-variable analysis","volume":"29","author":"Brunetti","year":"2009","journal-title":"Int. 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