{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,12]],"date-time":"2025-10-12T03:25:58Z","timestamp":1760239558973,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":64,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"23","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,11,27]],"date-time":"2020-11-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1606435200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Remote Sensing"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Extensive areas with low-relief surfaces that are almost flat surfaces high in the mountain ranges constitute the dominant geomorphic feature of the Three Gorges area. However, their origin remains a matter of debate, and has been interpreted previously as the result of fluvial erosion after peneplain uplift. Here, a new formation mechanism for these low-relief surface landscapes has been proposed, based on the analyses of low-relief surface distribution, swath profiles, \u03c7 mapping, river capture landform characteristics, and a numerical analytical model. The results showed that the low-relief surfaces in the Three Gorges area could be divided into higher elevation and lower elevation surfaces, distributed mainly in the highlands between the Yangtze River and Qingjiang River. The analyses also showed that the rivers on both sides of the drainage divide have not yet reached equilibrium, with actively migrating drainage divides and river basins in the process of reorganizing. It was concluded that the low-relief surfaces in the Three Gorges area did not share a common uplift history, and neither were they peneplain relicts, but rather that the effect of \u201carea-loss feedback\u201d caused by river capture has promoted the formation of upland low-relief surface landscapes. A future work aims to present the contribution of accurate dating of low-relief surface landscapes.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/rs12233899","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,11,28]],"date-time":"2020-11-28T03:51:16Z","timestamp":1606535476000},"page":"3899","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Formation Mechanism for Upland Low-Relief Surface Landscapes in the Three Gorges Region, China"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"12","author":[{"given":"Lingyun","family":"Lv","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of Regional Ecology and Environmental Change, School of Geography and Information Engineering, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, China"},{"name":"Hubei Key Laboratory of Critical Zone Evolution, School of Geography and Information Engineering, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, China"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7783-5725","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lunche","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of Regional Ecology and Environmental Change, School of Geography and Information Engineering, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, China"},{"name":"Hubei Key Laboratory of Critical Zone Evolution, School of Geography and Information Engineering, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, China"}]},{"given":"Chang\u2019an","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of Regional Ecology and Environmental Change, School of Geography and Information Engineering, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, China"},{"name":"Hubei Key Laboratory of Critical Zone Evolution, School of Geography and Information Engineering, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, China"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9275-5408","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hui","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of Regional Ecology and Environmental Change, School of Geography and Information Engineering, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, China"},{"name":"Hubei Key Laboratory of Critical Zone Evolution, School of Geography and Information Engineering, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, China"}]},{"given":"Xinsheng","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hubei Key Laboratory of Regional Development and Environmental Response, Hubei University, Wuhan 430062, China"}]},{"given":"Shaoqiang","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of Regional Ecology and Environmental Change, School of Geography and Information Engineering, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, China"},{"name":"Hubei Key Laboratory of Critical Zone Evolution, School of Geography and Information Engineering, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, China"},{"name":"Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,11,27]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"481","DOI":"10.2307\/1774538","article-title":"The geographical cycle","volume":"14","author":"Davis","year":"1899","journal-title":"Geogr. 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