{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,13]],"date-time":"2026-04-13T05:48:11Z","timestamp":1776059291108,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":71,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"24","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,12,19]],"date-time":"2020-12-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1608336000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Self-Funded Project of Scientific Research and Development Plan of Langfang Science and Technology Bureau","award":["2020013045"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2020013045"]}]},{"name":"Central University of China\u2019s Basic Research and Operation Expenses Project","award":["2020013045"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2020013045"]}]},{"name":"Hebei Key Laboratory of Earthquake Dynamics Open Fund","award":["FZ202214"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["FZ202214"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Remote Sensing"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Water resources are important for agricultural, industrial, and urban development. In this paper, we analyzed the influence of rainfall and snowfall on variations in terrestrial water storage (TWS) in Northeast China from Gravity Recovery and Climate Experiment (GRACE) gravity satellite data, GlobSnow snow water equivalent product, and ERA5-land monthly total precipitation, snowfall, and snow depth data. This study revealed the main composition and variation characteristics of TWS in Northeast China. We found that GRACE provided an effective method for monitoring large areas of stable seasonal snow cover and variations in TWS in Northeast China at both seasonal and interannual scales. On the seasonal scale, although summer rainfall was 10 times greater than winter snowfall, the terrestrial water storage in Northeast China peaked in winter, and summer rainfall brought about only a sub-peak, 1 month later than the maximum rainfall. On the interannual scale, TWS in Northeast China was controlled by rainfall. The correlation analysis results revealed that the annual fluctuations of TWS and rainfall in Northeast China appear to be influenced by ENSO (EI Ni\u00f1o\u2013Southern Oscillation) events with a lag of 2\u20133 years. In addition, this study proposed a reconstruction model for the interannual variation in TWS in Northeast China from 2003 to 2016 on the basis of the contemporary terrestrial water storage and rainfall data.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/rs12244166","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,12,21]],"date-time":"2020-12-21T01:01:08Z","timestamp":1608512468000},"page":"4166","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":15,"title":["Using GRACE Data to Study the Impact of Snow and Rainfall on Terrestrial Water Storage in Northeast China"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"12","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9970-0856","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"An","family":"Qian","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Ecology and Environment, Institute of Disaster Prevention, Sanhe 065201, China"},{"name":"Hebei Key Laboratory of Earthquake Dynamics, Institute of Disaster Prevention, Sanhe 065201, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2976-2351","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Shuang","family":"Yi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Geodesy, University of Stuttgart, Stuttgart 70174, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8713-4412","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Le","family":"Chang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Geodesy and Geomatics, Shandong University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266590, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Guangtong","family":"Sun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Ecology and Environment, Institute of Disaster Prevention, Sanhe 065201, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Xiaoyang","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Ecology and Environment, Institute of Disaster Prevention, Sanhe 065201, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,12,19]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"248","DOI":"10.1175\/2007JCLI1639.1","article-title":"Variability of Basin-Scale Terrestrial Water Storage from a PER Water Budget Method: The Amazon and the Mississippi","volume":"21","author":"Zeng","year":"2008","journal-title":"J. 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